Energy Sufficiency Arbitrage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.2744Keywords:
Arbitrage, Energy Sufficiency, Energy Portfolio, Kaizen, Macrogrid, Microgrid, Pricing DifferentialAbstract
Arbitrage is the exploitation of a commodity price differential in
two or more markets. Energy Sufficiency is an element of an energy
portfolio that makes use of just-in-time electrical or thermal genera-
tion or conversion. Energy Sufficiency Arbitrage requires the use of a
sufficiency-inclusive private energy portfolio, characterized by a non-
zero Energy Index (ENDX™) [2].
A sufficiency-inclusive energy portfolio for consumers of large
amounts of energy, specifically with high energy density (>70W/m2,
for example), can be implemented using a private micro-grid, which
creates a local energy market: a microgrid converts one form of energy
into a more useful one at a certain cost. Arbitrage pricing opportuni-
ties are created in the pricing differential between microgrids and
macrogrids, with a resulting cost reduction, often significant, for the
portfolio owner.
We discuss in this paper how a Sufficiency Arbitrage advantages
are created and managed as part of the Sufficiency Kaizen continuous
improvement process [3].
Downloads
References
Newbery, D. M. (2012). Reforming Competitive Electricity Markets to meet Envi-
ronmental Targets. Economics of Energy & Environmental Policy, 1 (1), 69-82.
Overturf, M. C., & McKnight, D. (2011). Managing Energy Productivity with a
Sustainable Energy Index. Energy Engineering, 109 (1), 36-51.
Overturf, M. C., Chrosny, W., & Stine, R. (2011). Energy Sufficiency Kaizen: Achiev-
ing Zero Energy Cost and Variance with Sufficiency-Inclusive Private Energy
Portfolios. Distributed Generation and Alternative Energy Journal, 26 (4), 36-56.
Pfeifenberger, J. N. (2011). Second Performance Assessment of PJM’s Reliability Pricing
Model. The Brattle Group. Norristown, PA: PJM Interconnection LLC.
Pfeifenberger, J., Spees, K., & Schumacher, A. (2009). A Comparison of PJM’s RPM
with Alternative Energy and Capacity Market Designs. The Brattle Group, Inc. Nor-
ristown, PA: PJM Interconnection LLC