Performance Investigation of Grid Connected DFIG Based Wind Energy System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.38112Keywords:
Battery energy storage, bidirectional converter, doubly fed induction generator, power quality, power electronics, wind energy conversion systemAbstract
The paper realizes the investigation of control operation and performance in grid integrated Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) system. Battery Energy Storage (BES), coupled at the DC link of DFIG is controlled by bidirectional power converter to compensate for utility/load demand. Rotor side converter (RSC) uses tip-speed ratio maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to harness maximum power from the wind turbine. An adjustable step size least mean square (LMS) based adaptive control is implemented for the grid side converter (GSC) of DFIG system that besides managing power balance at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) also addresses power quality issues encountered in the system due to the presence of non-linear, unbalanced loads. The step size changes with the mean square error enabling the adaptive filter to detect system changes while producing a small steady state error. Performance of the system is exhibited and validated through simulated results in a developed Simulink model for steady state and dynamic conditions. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in grid currents and voltage is within IEEE 519 standard guidelines.
Downloads
References
J. M. Carrasco et al., “Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A survey,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1002–1016, 2006, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2006.878356.
R. Pena, J. C. Clare, and G. M. Asher, “Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variablespeed wind-energy generation,” IEE Proc. Electr. Power Appl., vol. 143, no. 3, pp. 231–241, 1996, doi: 10.1049/ip-epa:19960288.
A. Kumar, V. M. Mishra, and R. Ranjan, “LVRT enhancement in grid connected DFIG based wind turbine using PSO optimized DVR,” Distrib. Gener. Altern. Energy J., vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 249–264, 2020, doi: 10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3541.
M. S. Lu, C. L. Chang, W. J. Lee, and L. Wang, “Combining the Wind Power Generation System With Energy Storage Equipment,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 2109–2115, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TIA.2009.2031937.
P. H. A. Barra, W. C. de Carvalho, T. S. Menezes, R. A. S. Fernandes, and D. V. Coury, “A review on wind power smoothing using high-power energy storage systems,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 137, no. April, p. 110455, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110455.
M. Nadour, A. Essadki, and T. Nasser, “Power Smoothing Control of DFIG Based Wind Turbine using Flywheel Energy Storage System,” 2020 Int. Conf. Electr. Inf. Technol. ICEIT 2020, pp. 0–6, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ICEIT48248.2020.9113213.
D. M. Yehia, “DFIG-Based Wind Turbine with Supercapacitor Energy Storage,” in IEEE International Conference Power & Energy (PECON), 2014, pp. 187–190.
I. Ngamroo and T. Karaipoom, “Improving Low-Voltage Ride-Through Performance and Alleviating Power Fluctuation of DFIG Wind Turbine in DC Microgrid by Optimal SMES with Fault Current Limiting Function,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 24, no. 5, 2014, doi: 10.1109/TASC.2014.2333031.
L. M. S. de Siqueira and W. Peng, “Control strategy to smooth wind power output using battery energy storage system: A review,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 35, no. December 2020, p. 102252, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2021.102252.
X. Li, S. Member, D. Hui, and X. Lai, “Battery Energy Storage Station ( BESS ) -Based Smoothing Control of Photovoltaic ( PV ) and Wind Power Generation Fluctuations,” vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 464–473, 2013.
S. Puchalapalli, B. Singh, S. K. Tiwari, and P. K. Goel, “Design and Analysis of Grid-Interactive DFIG Based WECS for Regulated Power Flow,” vol. 9994, no. c, pp. 1–11, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TIA.2020.3011059.
N. K. S. Naidu and B. Singh, “Grid-Interfaced DFIG-Based Variable Speed Wind Energy Conversion System With Power Smoothening,” IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 51–58, 2017, doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2016.2582520.
P. Tourou, J. Chhor, K. Günther, and C. Sourkounis, “Energy storage integration in dfig-based wind energy conversion systems for improved fault ride-through capability,” 2017 6th Int. Conf. Renew. Energy Res. Appl. ICRERA 2017, vol. 2017-Janua, pp. 374–377, 2017, doi: 10.1109/ICRERA.2017.8191088.
B. Singh, A. Adya, A. P. Mittal, and J. R. P. Gupta, “Modeling and control of DSTATCOM for three-phase, four-wire distribution systems,” Conf. Rec. – IAS Annu. Meet. (IEEE Ind. Appl. Soc., vol. 4, pp. 2428–2434, 2005, doi: 10.1109/IAS.2005.1518801.
B. Singh and S. R. Arya, “Implementation of single-phase enhanced phase-locked loop-based control algorithm for three-phase DSTATCOM,” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1516–1524, 2013, doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2013.2257876.
S. Yang, L. Zhan, C. Huang, and Z. Xie, “Unbalanced control system design for DFIG-based wind turbines,” Proc. - Power Eng. Autom. Conf. PEAM 2012, no. 1, pp. 3–6, 2012, doi: 10.1109/PEAM.2012.6612440.
S. Bhattacharyya, S. Puchalapalli, and B. Singh, “Battery management and operation of a wind-PV based microgrid,” 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Comput. Power Commun. Technol. GUCON 2020, pp. 423–429, 2020, doi: 10.1109/GUCON48875.2020.9231116.
R. Hemmati, H. Faraji, and N. Y. Beigvand, “Multi objective control scheme on DFIG wind turbine integrated with energy storage system and FACTS devices: Steady-state and transient operation improvement,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 135, no. August 2021, p. 107519, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107519.
Y. Chang, I. Kocar, J. Hu, U. Karaagac, K. W. Chan, and J. Mahseredjian, “Coordinated control of DFIG converters to comply with reactive current requirements in emerging grid codes,” J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy, vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1–12, 2021, doi: 10.35833/MPCE.2021.000191.
Z. Rafiee, R. Heydari, M. Rafiee, and M. R. Aghamohammadi, “Enhancement of the LVRT Capability for DFIG-Based Wind Farms Based on Short-Circuit Capacity,” pp. 1–12, 2022.
R. G. Mohamed, M. A. Ebrahim, Z. Alaas, and M. M. R. Ahmed, “Optimal Energy Harvesting of Large-Scale Wind Farm Using Marine Predators Algorithm,” IEEE Access, vol. PP, pp. 1–1, 2022, doi: 10.1109/access.2022.3156084.
S. S. Haykin., Adaptive filter theory. Pearson Education India, 2008.
D. Schulz, Grid Integration of wind energy systems, vol. 34. Wiley, 2008.
S. Puchalapalli and B. Singh, “A Novel Control Scheme for Wind Turbine Driven DFIG Interfaced to Utility Grid,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 2925–2937, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TIA.2020.2969400.
B. Hamid, “Higher Order Optimization Based Control of Grid-Tied DFIG Wind Energy Conversion System,” doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/GUCON50781.2021.9573798.
S. Heier, Grid Integration of Wind Energy Conversion Systems. Wiley, 2006.