Design and Implementation of Low-Cost PMU for Off-Nominal Frequency and DDC in Compliance with IEEE C37.118 Standard

Authors

  • Ankur Singh Rana National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Kolli Jnaneswar National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Mouna Krishna Gadhiraju National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Neeraj Kumar National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Shufali Ashraf Wani Indian Institute of Technology – Madras, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Mini Shaji Thomas Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3827

Keywords:

IEEE Standard-C37.118, PMU, smart grid, wide area protection, off-nominal frequency, decaying DC component

Abstract

The transition of the conventional power grid into the smart grid requires continuous monitoring of integrated grids speared over wide-area through Phasor Measurement Units (PMU). These PMUs additionally perform protection and state estimation functions in the smart grid. This paper discusses implementation of a new phasor estimation method to eliminate the effects of Decaying DC (DDC) component and off-nominal frequencies during the extraction of the phasors from a relaying signal. The practical implementation of the proposed method in a low-cost microcontroller (ESP32-WROOM-32 development board) in compliance with the requirements of IEEE C37.118.1a-2011 standard is also demonstrated. The analysis of various existing algorithms estimating the phasors is carried out. The microcontroller is programmed with the best among the analysed algorithm and its feasibility to function as a proper Phasor Measurement Unit is tested. The newly designed PMU is rigorously tested with different estimation methods compliant with IEEE C37.118a-2011 standard. The comparison of the proposed method with different phasor estimation algorithms is also discussed.

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Author Biographies

Ankur Singh Rana, National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Ankur Singh Rana received B.Tech. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from GGSIP University, New Delhi in 2010, and the M. Tech in Electrical Power System and Management and PhD from Jamia Millia Islamia (A central University) in 2013 and 2018 respectively. He has served as Post-Doctoral fellow in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE), National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli (NITT). Currently, he is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of EEE, NITT, Tamil Nadu since March 2020. His research interests include Renewable Energy Sources, FACTS devices, Wide Area Measurement System, SCADA, Power system protection, Power system reliability, PMU and Smart Grids Application of Power system in Microgrid.

Kolli Jnaneswar, National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Kolli Jnaneswar received B.Tech. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Bapatla engineering college, and M.Tech. from National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli in 2016 and 2019 respectively. Currently, he is working as a research scholar in National institute of technology Tiruchirappalli. His research interests include Microgrids, Power System protection, PMU, smart grids.

Mouna Krishna Gadhiraju, National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Mouna Krishna Gadhiraju received B.Tech. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 2021. Currently, he is working as Project Associate at RISE lab, Indian Institute of Technology Madras. His research interests include PMU and Smart Grids, Open Source technology, Computer Architecture.

Neeraj Kumar, National Institute of Technology – Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

Neeraj Kumar received B.Tech. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli. Currently, he is working as a Software Engineer at Radisys Corporation. His research interests include PMU and Smart Grids, Microprocessor and Microcontrollers and Embedded Systems.

Shufali Ashraf Wani, Indian Institute of Technology – Madras, Tamil Nadu, India

Shufali Ashraf Wani received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and communication engineering from the University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, in 2011, M.Tech. and Ph.D degrees in electrical engineering from Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India, in 2014, and 2019 respectively. She is currently institute post-doctoral fellow in department of Electrical engineering at IIT Madras. Previously she worked as Assistant Professor (on contract) at NIT Srinagar (2019-2020). Her current research interests include sensors for transformer monitoring, dissolved gas analysis of transformer oil, application of intelligent techniques to the electrical engineering problems, and electronic instrumentation.

Mini Shaji Thomas, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India

Mini Shaji Thomas is currently the Director of National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli (NIT, Trichy). Dr. Thomas was the founder Director of the Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (CIE), Jamia Millia Islamia (JMI), from 2014–2016, and Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JMI. She was a faculty member at Delhi College of Engineering, Delhi (now DTU), and at the REC (now NIT), Calicut, Kerala before joining Jamia. She graduated from University of Kerala (Gold Medalist), completed her M. Tech from IIT Madras (Gold Medalist, Siemen’s prize) & PhD from IIT Delhi, India, all in Electrical Engineering. She received the prestigious ‘career Award’ for young teachers, Govt. of India. She has set up the first of their kind SCADA lab and Substation Automation Lab in JMI and also started a new M.Tech. program in Electrical Power System and Management. She has published more than 130 papers in Journals and Conferences of repute. She is also the coordinator of the Special Assistance Program (SAP) on Power System Automation from UGC Government of India and other research projects.

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Published

2023-01-03

How to Cite

Rana, A. S. ., Jnaneswar, K. ., Gadhiraju, M. K. ., Kumar, N. ., Wani, S. A. ., & Thomas, M. S. . (2023). Design and Implementation of Low-Cost PMU for Off-Nominal Frequency and DDC in Compliance with IEEE C37.118 Standard. Distributed Generation &Amp; Alternative Energy Journal, 38(02), 519–546. https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.3827

Issue

2023: Vol 38 Iss 2

Section

Articles