Optimized Control of a Five-Level Transformerless Inverter Using Bayesian Techniques

Authors

  • Tajamul Hayat Parray Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Srinagar (J&K), India
  • Salman Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic University of Science & Technology, Kashmir, India
  • Farhad Ilahi Bakhsh Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Srinagar (J&K), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.4149

Keywords:

Common ground (CG), transformerless inverter (TLI), selective harmonic elimination (SHE), multilevel selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (MSHE–PWM), multilevel inverters (MLIs)

Abstract

Common-ground (CG) based transformerless multilevel inverters (MLIs) are well-suited for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) applications, because of their ability to eliminate leakage current and high efficiency. In this paper a reduced-switch CG five-level transformerless inverter (CG-5L-TLI) is presented that uses a dc source, one diode, seven switches and two capacitors. The proposed topology inherently eliminates leakage current, offers boosting of voltage without the need for any extra boost converter, and also ensures voltage balancing of the capacitors without requiring auxiliary control circuits. To improve the quality of output waveform, a selective harmonic elimination (SHE) strategy is employed, with optimal switching angles determined using a Bayesian optimization approach for the multilevel SHE-PWM scheme. The performance and effectiveness of the suggested system are validated via detailed MATLAB/Simulink simulations. Furthermore, a reduced scale laboratory setup is built to demonstrate the practical viability and operational capability of the suggested inverter.

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Author Biographies

Tajamul Hayat Parray, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Srinagar (J&K), India

Tajamul Hayat Parray was born in Srinagar, J&K, India, in 1996. He received the B.Tech. degree from the University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Zakura campus in 2018 and the M.Tech. degree in power electronics and electrical drives from the National Institute of Technology Srinagar in 2022. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in the Department of Electrical, National Institute of Technology Srinagar. His current research interests include multilevel inverters, grid-connected PV inverters, transformerless inverters, dc-dc switched capacitors and DC converters, and electrical machine drives.

Salman Ahmad, Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic University of Science & Technology, Kashmir, India

Salman Ahmad received the B.Tech degree in Electrical Engineering from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, in 2010 and M.Tech degree from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India, in 2012, the Ph.D. Degree from Aligarh Muslim University, India in 2020. He is currently an Assistant Professor of electrical engineering with Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora, India. He has published more than 25 technical papers in different journals and conference proceedings and contributed three book chapters in edited books published by Elsevier, USA and Springer Nature, Singapore. He received 4 research grants from various government agencies. His current research interests include Power converters, PWM techniques, multilevel and multiphase converter, variable speed drives and renewable energy systems.

Farhad Ilahi Bakhsh, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Srinagar (J&K), India

Farhad Ilahi Bakhsh (Senior Member, IEEE) received B. Tech degree in Electrical Engineering and M. Tech. degree in Power Systems & Drives from Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, India in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Then he pursued Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India in 2017. During his Ph.D. he developed a new method for grid integration for wind energy generation system which has been recognized worldwide. He developed an automatic solar tracking system which has been appreciated by IEEE India Council, Centre for Embedded Product Design, Centre for Electronics Design and Technology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology in association with IEEE Delhi Section & IEEE CAS, Bangalore Chapter. Currently he is serving as Assistant Professor in Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. He is founder and Counselor of IEEE Student Branch, NIT Srinagar.

He has won “10 for 10 Typhoon HIL Award” from Switzerland, Europe. He delivered a number of Keynote talks, Invited talks and Expert Lectures at National and International level in conferences, workshops, STC, etc. He has more than 100 published papers in Scopus or Web of Science based International reputed Journals and Conferences. He has also published many books in Springer, Wiley, IEEE, Scrivener Publishing and River Publishers with more than 20 book chapters. He has been enlightened with “Award of Excellence in Research” by VALLWAY International. Many times, he got best paper awards in International reputed conferences. Moreover, he has Indian, Australian and South African granted patents in his credit. Recently, he has received “Typhoon HIL Best Paper Award Europe 2025”. In this award, they have received a Typhoon HIL 604 Emulator which costs around 50 lakhs INR. He served as Lead Guest Editor in IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution Journal; Lead Guest Editor in IET Power Electronics Journal; Guest Editor in IET Renewable Power Generation Journal; Guest Editor in Frontiers in Energy Research; Guest Editor in Renewable Energy Focus, Elsevier; Guest Editor in Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering; and Associate Editor of e-Prime-Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, Elsevier. His research area of interests includes Performance Analysis and new applications of Variable Frequency Transformer, Application of Power Electronics & Drives in Renewable Energy Systems (Solar & Wind), Multilevel Converters, Multilevel DC-DC DAB Converters, Alternate Energy Vehicles (Electric/Hybrid) and Multi-phase Drives.

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Published

2026-08-05

How to Cite

Parray, T. H. ., Ahmad, S. ., & Bakhsh, F. I. . (2026). Optimized Control of a Five-Level Transformerless Inverter Using Bayesian Techniques. Distributed Generation &Amp; Alternative Energy Journal, 41(4), 1079–1112. https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.4149

Issue

2026: Vol 41 Iss 4

Section

Articles