Research on Cross-Domain Defect Diagnosis and Model Generalization of Power Equipment for High-Penetration Distributed Generation Scenarios

Authors

  • Hongyang Luo Ningxia Ultra High Voltage Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China
  • Jianfeng Yang Ningxia Ultra High Voltage Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China
  • Jiarui Yang State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.4155

Keywords:

power equipment, fault diagnosis, Cross-Domain Generalization, Domain Adaptation

Abstract

With the construction of the new power system, the penetration rate of distributed renewable energy in power distribution networks has gradually increased, bringing new characteristics to the new power system, including bidirectional power flow in equipment operation and frequent operating condition fluctuations. Faced with increasingly complex operating conditions and frequent fluctuations of equipment, the traditional defect diagnosis methods for power system equipment lack generalization ability for scenario migration. Therefore, this paper focuses on the defect diagnosis of power equipment and model generalization under the scenario of high penetration of distributed renewable energy. Based on the analysis of multi-source heterogeneous detection data, a cross-domain defect diagnosis framework integrating domain adaptation and feature alignment is constructed. Firstly, domain-invariant features under different operation scenarios are extracted, and combined with the data augmentation strategy, the problems of sparse and unbalanced distribution of typical defect samples in high-penetration scenarios are alleviated. Secondly, the results are verified based on multi-scenario platforms and measured data, and the diagnosis accuracy and transferability of the proposed method are compared with those of traditional models. The verification results demonstrate that the research in this paper can provide novel technical ideas for improving the state perception capability of power equipment in the complex distribution network environment of the new power system.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Hongyang Luo, Ningxia Ultra High Voltage Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China

Hongyang Luo currently serves as the Project Manager of the Intelligent Inspection Center at Ningxia Extra-High Voltage Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. He holds a Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) instructor license for vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). He received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering and Automation from Shanghai University of Electric Power in 2016. He has long been dedicated to the research and application of UAV intelligent inspection technologies for extra-high voltage (EHV) and ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission lines. He has participated in the completion of multiple key scientific and technological projects, and took part in China’s first UAV rope-throwing live-line operation on the ±1100 kV Jiquan transmission line. His current research interests include autonomous UAV inspection for transmission lines, intelligent equipment defect identification, and multi-source data fusion assessment of corridor security. He has published 2 papers in core journals, received 2 Ningxia Electric Power Science and Technology Progress Awards, and been granted 16 patents related to power UAVs.

Jianfeng Yang, Ningxia Ultra High Voltage Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China

Jianfeng Yang currently serves as Director and Secretary of the General Party Branch of Ningxia Extra-High Voltage Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd. He received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Power System and Its Automation from Northeast Electric Power University in 1994, and his Master of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering from North China Electric Power University in 2006. He has over 30 years of experience in power system operation, maintenance, and enterprise management. He has previously served as Deputy Chief Engineer of State Grid Ningxia Ningdong Power Supply Company, Deputy General Manager of State Grid Ningxia Guyuan Power Supply Company, Deputy Director of the Equipment Management Department of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., and General Manager of State Grid Ningxia Integrated Energy Service Co., Ltd. Since March 2025, he has been leading Ningxia Extra-High Voltage Electric Power Engineering Co., Ltd., coordinating the large-scale deployment and practical application of the provincial-level intelligent inspection system. His current research interests include power system automation, intelligent operation and maintenance of power equipment, condition-based maintenance of equipment, and digital transformation of power grid assets.

Jiarui Yang, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan Ningxia, 750000, China

Jiarui Yang is a Senior Engineer of Electric Power Engineering. He received his Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering and Automation from Xi’an University of Technology in 2008. In the same year, he joined State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., and has since been engaged in the operation and maintenance management of transmission lines. His professional experience spans transmission line operation, maintenance, live-line work, emergency rescue, engineering construction, equipment retrofitting, design, and safety management. He has been granted over 20 authorized patents, including anti-falling foot pegs and detachable fall arresters. He has published the monograph Application Guide for High-Altitude Operation Equipment for Transmission and Distribution Lines (China Electric Power Press) and over 10 technical papers, including a study on inspection technology for plateau transmission corridors based on high-resolution satellite imagery data. His main research interests include intelligent operation and inspection of transmission lines, live-line working technology, and power grid safety management.

References

L. Zhang et al., “Fault Location Algorithm for Distribution Network With Distributed Generation Based on Domain-Adaptive TGATv2,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1234–1245, 2025.

H. Yan et al., “A Safety Assessment Method for Substation System Dynamics Adapted to High Penetration of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources,” Frontiers in Energy Research, vol. 13, p. 1645357, 2025.

S. Kumar et al., “Machine Learning Approach for Detection and Classification of Faults in Distribution Network with Decentralized Power Generation Facilities,” Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 228–235, 2025.

M. Abbasi et al., “Feature-Weighted MMD-CORAL for Domain Adaptation in Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 2876–2885, 2024.

X. Wang et al., “Wind Turbine Anomaly Detection Based on Self-Attention and Domain Adaptation,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 11234–11243, 2023.

Y. Zhang et al., “A Long-Tail Fault Diagnosis Method Based on a Coupled Time-Frequency Attention Transformer,” Actuators, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 255, 2025.

J. Wang et al., “Imbalance Fault Diagnosis Under Long-Tailed Distribution: Challenges, Solutions and Prospects,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 1–20, 2023.

Z. Liu et al., “Power Equipment Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Energy Spectrogram and Deep Learning,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 18, p. 6987, 2022.

T. Li et al., “Mechanical Fault Diagnosis of High Voltage Circuit Breaker Using Multimodal Data Fusion,” IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 45678–45687, 2025.

Q. Wang et al., “CDFMD: Causal Dynamic Fusion Reasoning-Based Multimodal Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Model for Power Transformers,” Electronics, vol. 15, no. 9, p. 1910, 2026.

L. Chen et al., “Memory-Fused Dual-Stream Fault Diagnosis Network Based on Transformer Vibration Signals,” Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1–18, 2025.

Y. Qin et al., “Deep Joint Distribution Alignment: A Novel Enhanced-Domain Adaptation Mechanism for Fault Transfer Diagnosis,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 3128–3138, 2023.

H. Fang et al., “FCDG: A Central Dogma-Inspired Approach for Cross-Domain Fault Diagnosis,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 3456–3465, 2025.

J. N. Kahlen et al., “Improving Machine-Learning Diagnostics with Model-Based Data Augmentation Showcased for a Transformer Fault,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 20, p. 6816, 2021.

Y. Wang et al., “Data Sample Augmentation for Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis

via Multi-Fault Generative Adversarial Networks with Gradient Penalty Optimization,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 2156–2165, 2025.

H. Liu et al., “Small-Sample Fault Diagnosis Method for High-Voltage Circuit Breakers via Data Augmentation and Deep Learning,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 73, p. 3537411, 2024.

Downloads

Published

2026-09-17

How to Cite

Luo, H., Yang, J., & Yang, J. (2026). Research on Cross-Domain Defect Diagnosis and Model Generalization of Power Equipment for High-Penetration Distributed Generation Scenarios. Distributed Generation &Amp; Alternative Energy Journal, 44(5), 1331–1354. https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.4155

Issue

Section

Renewable Power & Energy Systems