Research on Cross-Domain Defect Diagnosis and Model Generalization of Power Equipment for High-Penetration Distributed Generation Scenarios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/dgaej2156-3306.4155Keywords:
power equipment, fault diagnosis, Cross-Domain Generalization, Domain AdaptationAbstract
With the construction of the new power system, the penetration rate of distributed renewable energy in power distribution networks has gradually increased, bringing new characteristics to the new power system, including bidirectional power flow in equipment operation and frequent operating condition fluctuations. Faced with increasingly complex operating conditions and frequent fluctuations of equipment, the traditional defect diagnosis methods for power system equipment lack generalization ability for scenario migration. Therefore, this paper focuses on the defect diagnosis of power equipment and model generalization under the scenario of high penetration of distributed renewable energy. Based on the analysis of multi-source heterogeneous detection data, a cross-domain defect diagnosis framework integrating domain adaptation and feature alignment is constructed. Firstly, domain-invariant features under different operation scenarios are extracted, and combined with the data augmentation strategy, the problems of sparse and unbalanced distribution of typical defect samples in high-penetration scenarios are alleviated. Secondly, the results are verified based on multi-scenario platforms and measured data, and the diagnosis accuracy and transferability of the proposed method are compared with those of traditional models. The verification results demonstrate that the research in this paper can provide novel technical ideas for improving the state perception capability of power equipment in the complex distribution network environment of the new power system.
Downloads
References
L. Zhang et al., “Fault Location Algorithm for Distribution Network With Distributed Generation Based on Domain-Adaptive TGATv2,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1234–1245, 2025.
H. Yan et al., “A Safety Assessment Method for Substation System Dynamics Adapted to High Penetration of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources,” Frontiers in Energy Research, vol. 13, p. 1645357, 2025.
S. Kumar et al., “Machine Learning Approach for Detection and Classification of Faults in Distribution Network with Decentralized Power Generation Facilities,” Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 228–235, 2025.
M. Abbasi et al., “Feature-Weighted MMD-CORAL for Domain Adaptation in Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 2876–2885, 2024.
X. Wang et al., “Wind Turbine Anomaly Detection Based on Self-Attention and Domain Adaptation,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 11234–11243, 2023.
Y. Zhang et al., “A Long-Tail Fault Diagnosis Method Based on a Coupled Time-Frequency Attention Transformer,” Actuators, vol. 14, no. 5, p. 255, 2025.
J. Wang et al., “Imbalance Fault Diagnosis Under Long-Tailed Distribution: Challenges, Solutions and Prospects,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 1–20, 2023.
Z. Liu et al., “Power Equipment Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Energy Spectrogram and Deep Learning,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 18, p. 6987, 2022.
T. Li et al., “Mechanical Fault Diagnosis of High Voltage Circuit Breaker Using Multimodal Data Fusion,” IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 45678–45687, 2025.
Q. Wang et al., “CDFMD: Causal Dynamic Fusion Reasoning-Based Multimodal Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Model for Power Transformers,” Electronics, vol. 15, no. 9, p. 1910, 2026.
L. Chen et al., “Memory-Fused Dual-Stream Fault Diagnosis Network Based on Transformer Vibration Signals,” Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1–18, 2025.
Y. Qin et al., “Deep Joint Distribution Alignment: A Novel Enhanced-Domain Adaptation Mechanism for Fault Transfer Diagnosis,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 3128–3138, 2023.
H. Fang et al., “FCDG: A Central Dogma-Inspired Approach for Cross-Domain Fault Diagnosis,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 3456–3465, 2025.
J. N. Kahlen et al., “Improving Machine-Learning Diagnostics with Model-Based Data Augmentation Showcased for a Transformer Fault,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 20, p. 6816, 2021.
Y. Wang et al., “Data Sample Augmentation for Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis
via Multi-Fault Generative Adversarial Networks with Gradient Penalty Optimization,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 2156–2165, 2025.
H. Liu et al., “Small-Sample Fault Diagnosis Method for High-Voltage Circuit Breakers via Data Augmentation and Deep Learning,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 73, p. 3537411, 2024.

