Cesarean Delivery-Emergency or Elective in India: Evidence from NFHS-V

Authors

  • Brijesh P. Singh Department of Statistics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
  • Tanya Singh Department of Statistics, St. John’s College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282002, India
  • Alok Kumar Singh Department of Statistics, RBS College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282002, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jrss0974-8024.1917

Keywords:

Cesarean delivery, private hospitals, ANC visit, pregnancy complications, desired children

Abstract

The number of caesarean deliveries worldwide has been rising, which raises concerns about whether choosing this operation is suitable. Using both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques, the current study aims to investigate the factors that influence the preference for caesarean delivery in India in order to ascertain whether the procedure is elective or emergency. It also looks at the relationship between the risk of caesarean delivery and women’s pre-pregnancy obesity, height, delivery complications, preferred place of antenatal care visit as well as place of delivery, desired child, and sociodemographic variables. Results show that the risk of undergoing Cesarean section in the private sector is about four times higher than that in the public sector. The younger and educated women are more likely to prefer Cesarean delivery as compared to their counterparts. It’s likely that this medical treatment is being abused for financial gain in the private sector or that women are choosing to forego labour discomfort on purpose.

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Author Biographies

Brijesh P. Singh, Department of Statistics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India

Brijesh P. Singh is currently working as a Professor in the Department of Statistics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. He has obtained Ph.D. degree in Statistics from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi and has more than 20 years’ experience of teaching and research in the area of Statistical Demography. He has published 205 research papers in the refereed journals and books of national and international repute. He edited 2 books containing research papers and 2 reference books. Under his guidance 8 students successfully awarded their Ph.D. degree and presently 4 students doing research work under his guidance. His research interests are in statistical modelling and analysis of demographic data specially fertility, mortality, reproductive health and domestic violence with its reason and consequences.

Tanya Singh, Department of Statistics, St. John’s College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282002, India

Tanya Singh is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Statistics, St. John’s College, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra. She has more than 5 years of teaching and research exposure. She received her Bachelor’s degree in Science from Allahabad University in 2016, Master’s degree in Statistics from Allahabad University in 2018 and Doctorate degree in Statistics from Banaras Hindu University in 2023 respectively. Her research areas include Mathematical Demography, Inference, Distribution theory, Applied Statistics, etc. She has many publications in highly-respected journals.

Alok Kumar Singh, Department of Statistics, RBS College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282002, India

Alok Kumar Singh is working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Statistics RBS College, Agra. He has more than seven years of teaching experience and 11 years of research exposure. He also worked as a Guest Faculty in Department of Statistics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India. His Research areas include Outliers, Spatial data, modelling and Inference, Applied Statistics, Distribution Theory, etc. He has research articles in SCOPUS, UGC-care indexed as well as peer reviewed journals with impact factors also edited 7 books. He is presently supervising two students for their research work. He has reviewed many research articles. Dr Singh received his Graduation and Post-graduation degrees in Statistics from University of Allahabad, Prayagarj, UP. He completed his Doctorate in Statistics from University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP. He qualified NET in Statistics. He is member of Royal Statistical Society, Bernoulli Society, Institute of mathematical Statistics and editorial member of many journals.

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Published

2026-02-18

How to Cite

Singh, B. P. ., Singh, T. ., & Singh, A. K. . (2026). Cesarean Delivery-Emergency or Elective in India: Evidence from NFHS-V. Journal of Reliability and Statistical Studies, 19(01), 149–172. https://doi.org/10.13052/jrss0974-8024.1917

Issue

2026: Vol 19 Iss 1

Section

Articles