Renewable Energy in India— Barriers to Wind Energy
Abstract
As the world moves toward greater development and growth, it
is imperative to appreciate the looming ramifications of environmental
degradation and ecological imbalances that are caused by atmospheric
carbon emissions. The increased negative effects of fossil fuels on the
environment has forced many countries, especially the developed ones,
to use renewable energy sources. Recently, renewable energy systems
have emerged as a clean and easy-to-maintain alternative to the use
of diesel engines for rural electrification. Among them wind energy,
biomass energy systems and solar photovoltaic (PV) offer capacity and
proven technologies to provide continuous and reliable energy. Wind
energy, the fastest developing energy source, is renewable and envi-
ronment friendly. Systems that convert wind energy to electricity have
developed rapidly
Downloads
References
Frauke, U. (2008). Sustainable energy for developing countries: modeling transi-
tions to renewable and clean energy in rapidly developing countries. Thesis, ISBN
-90-367-3703-6.
Vilma, R. (2007). Community stakeholder management in wind energy develop-
ment projects: a planning approach. Thesis.
Ricardo, F. (2003, February). Removal of barriers to the use of renewable energy
sources for rural electrification in Chile. Thesis, Engineering Systems Division.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Sudhakara, R. and P. Balachandra (2007, November). Commercialization of sus-
tainable energy technologies, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research.
Mumbai, India. WP-2007-018
Bilgili, M. and B. Sahin (2010). Electrical power plants and electricity generation in
Turkey. Energy Sources, part B, 5, pages 81–92.
Balachandra, P., Rao, K., Dasappa, S. and N. Ravindranath (2005). Ranking of
Fall 2018, Vol. 38, No. 2
barriers and strategies for promoting bioenergy technologies in India. Centre for
Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India and the Sus-
tainable Energy and Environment Division, UNDP. New Delhi, India.
Usha, R. and V. Kishore (2009). Wind power technology diffusion analysis in se-
lected states of India. Renewable Energy, 34(4), pages 983–988.
Narula, K. (2014). Is sustainable energy security of India increasing or decreasing?
International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 33(6), pages 1,054–1,075.
Krithika, P. and S. Mahajan (2014, March). Governance of renewable energy in In-
dia: issues and challenges. The Energy and Resources Institute TERI-NFA Working
Paper Series No.14.
Reenergizing India (2014). Policy, regulatory and financial initiatives to augment
renewable energy deployment in India: Climate Parliament, IDAM Infrastructure
Advisory Private Ltd. New Delhi, India.
Bhattacharyya, S. (2012). Energy access programmes and sustainable development:
a critical review and analysis. Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and
Policy, University of Dundee.
Planning Commission, Government of India (2013). Twelfth five-year plan, India
-2017, sustainable growth, economics and social factors. Sage Publications
India, Ltd. New Delhi, India.
GREEN (2014, June). Global Renewable Energy Summit. India renewable energy
status report. Green summit. Bangalore, India.
Rural Electric Corporation (2013). www.recindia.co.in.
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India (2015). National
offshore wind energy policy. mnre.gov.in.
Ministry of Power, Central Electricity Authority (2015, July). Executive summary.
New Delhi, India.
National Institution for Transforming India, Government of India (2015, February).
Aayog: report on India’s renewable electricity roadmap 2030. Toward accelerated
renewable electricity deployment. Executive summary. New Delhi, India.
Demirbas, A. (2001). Biomass and the other renewable and sustainable energy op-
tions for Turkey in twenty-first century. Energy Sources, 23, pages 177–187.
Gokcek, M. and M. Sedar (2009). Evaluation of electricity and energy cost of wind
energy conversion systems in central Turkey. Applied Energy, 86, pages 2,731–2,739.
Hansen, A., Iov, D., Blaabjerg, F. and L. Hansen (2004). Review of contemporary
wind turbine concepts and their market penetration. Journal of Wind Engineering, 28,
pages 247–263.
Hansen, A., Sorensen D., Iov, P., and F. Blaabjerg (2006). Centralized power control
of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators. Journal of Renewable Energy, 31,
–951.
Sahin, B. and M. Bilgili (2009). Wind characteristics and energy potential in Belen-
Hatav, Turkey. International Journal of Green Energy, 6, pages 157–172.
Gopalkrishan, N. and K. Thyangarajan (1999). Optimization studies on integrated
wind energy systems. Renewable Energy, 16, pages 940–943.
Ravindra S. and Y. Mahajan (2015). Review of wind energy development and policy
in India. Energy Technology and Policy, 2(1), pages 122-132.
ADB (2012). Wind energy future in Asia, a compendium of wind energy resource
maps, project data and analysis for 17 countries in Asia and the Pacific. ADB-GWEC
report.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2014). IPCC-2014: Working group II
contribution to the fifth assessment report, summary for policy makers. Cambridge
University Press. Cambridge, UK.
Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment
Sangroya, D. and J. Nayak. (2015). Development of wind Energy in India. Interna-
tional Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 5(1).
Haselip, J., Nygaard, I., Hansen, U. and E. Ackom (2011, November). Diffusion of
renewable energy technologies case studies of enabling frameworks in developing
countries technology transfer. Perspectives Series UNEP.
Global Wind Energy Council (2014). VDMA/BWE: The German wind industry
takes a breather. Brussels, Belgium.
IWP (2015, February). Indian Wind Power, 1(2). http://www.indianwindpower.
com/pdf/.
Jagadeesh, A. (2000). Wind energy development in Tamil Nadu and Andhra
Pradesh, India, institutional dynamics and barriers—a case study. Energy Policy, 28,
pages 157 -168.
Central Electricity Authority, Government of India (2014, February). All India in-
stalled capacity (MW). MNRE, physical progress.
Jami, H. and C. Mehra (2014, May). Barriers to accelerating wind energy in India.
Central electricity regulatory commission.
KREDL-Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Ltr. www.kredlinfo.org.
C-Step (2014). Roadmap for energy storage technologies in India. Bangalore: Center
for Science, Technology and Policy.
Re-Energizing Karnataka (2014). An assessment of renewable energy policies, chal-
lenges and opportunities—climate parliament—policy brief. Center for Science,
Technology and Policy.
Government of Karnataka, Department of Energy. www.gokenergy.in.
InWEA (2014). Wind energy India: tariffs/regulation regime. Indian Wind Energy
Association. http://www.inwea.org/tariffs.htm.
INWEA (2015). http://www.inwea.org/installedcapacity.htm.
Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of India (2015).
Annual Report. New Delhi, India.
Nouni, M., Mullick, S. and T. Kandpal (2009). Providing electricity access to remote
areas in India: niche areas for decentralized electricity supply. Renewable Energy, 34,
pages 430–434.
Painuly. J. (2002). Barriers to renewable energy penetration: a framework for analy-
sis. Renewable Energy, 24(2), pages 73–89.
Beck, F. and E. Martinot (2004). Renewable energy policies and barriers. Renewable
energy policy project. Global environment facility, forthcoming in Encyclopedia of
Energy, Cleveland, C., editor. Academic Press/Elsevier Science.
Meyers, S. (1998). Improving energy efficiency: strategies for supporting sustained
market evolution in developing and transitioning countries. Document ref: LBNL-
, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1998). Kyoto Protocol.
United Nations.
Nguyen, N., Ha-Duong, M., Tranb, T., Shresthad, R. and F. Nadauda (2010). Barriers
to the adoption of renewable and energy-efficient technologies in the Vietnamese
power sector. Centre International de Recherche sur l’Environnement et le Dével-
oppement. France.
Infrastructure Development Finance Company, Ltd. (2010, February 10). Barriers
to development of renewable energy in India and proposed recommendations.
Discussion paper.
Valentine, S. (2010). A STEP toward understanding wind power development
policy barriers in advanced economies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
, pages 2,796–2,807.
Fall 2018, Vol. 38, No. 2
Saaty, T. (1980). The analytic hierarchy process: planning, priority setting, resource alloca-
tion. USA: Mcgraw-Hill International Book Company.
Govindan, K., Kaliyan, Kannan, D. and A. Haq (2014). Barriers analysis for green
supply chain management implementation in Indian industries using analytic hier-
archy process. International Journal of Production Economics, 147, pages 555–568.
https://aeeeuropeenergy.com/