En Route for the Accomplishment of SDG-7 in South Asian Countries: A Retrospective Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/spee1048-4236.4031Keywords:
Cooking fuel, energy accessibility, fossil fuel, regional trade, South Asian countries, sustainable development goals.Abstract
With one-fifth of the world’s population, South Asian nations are home to 37 percent of the world’s poor and 50 percent of the world’s hungry children. This region experiences enormous development and infrastructure challenges. The paper investigates the progress of South Asian countries on Sustainable Development Goal-7, which is associated with access to modern energy to all. The present research also highlights significant issues and challenges behind the slow progress of South Asian countries on SDG-7. This study indicates that Bhutan and India are top-performing countries; however, Pakistan and Afghanistan are lower-performing countries on SDG-7 among all other South Asian countries. It has also been observed that South Asian countries have a narrow focus on renewable energy. South Asian nations will address their energy shortages issue and save a lot of money by using renewable energy instead of importing hydrocarbons. South Asian nations must diversify their main energy consumption patterns to achieve SDG-7. They may address their energy concerns at the policy, economic, technological, and information levels and boost cross-border energy commerce.
Downloads
References
ADB and UNDP. (2017). Assessment of Sri Lanka’s Power Sector-100%
Electricity Generation Through Renewable Energy by 2050.
Adnan, M., Abir, N., and Rahman, T. (2018). Energy Scenario of Bangladesh
& Future Challenges. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering
Research, 9(3), 1001–1005.
Agency, I. E. (2019). Energy statistics 2019. In Centreal Statistics Office,
Government of India.
En Route for the Accomplishment of SDG-7 in South Asian Countries 225
Agency, I. E. (2020). India 2020 Policy Energy Review. In International
Energy Agency. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03404634
Ahmadzai, S., and McKinna, A. (2018). Afghanistan electrical energy and
trans-boundary water systems analyses: Challenges and opportunities.
Energy Reports, 4, 435–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2018.06.003
Alagh, Y. K. (2020). India 2020 Policy Energy Review. In International
Energy Agency. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03404634
Alam, F., Alam, Q., Reza, S., Khurshid-Ul-Alam, S. M., Saleque, K., and
Chowdhury, H. (2017). Sourcing Green Power in Bhutan: A Review.
Energy Procedia, 110(December 2016), 586–591. https://doi.org/10.1
/j.egypro.2017.03.189
Ali, S. (2018). Indian electricity demand How much, by whom, and under
what conditions? In Brookings India (Issue October).
Authority, S. L. S. E. (2017). Energy Balance 2017 Sri Lanka.
Bhujade, S., Mate, A., Katekar, V., and Sajjanwar, S. (2017). Biogas Plant
by Using Kitchen Waste. International Journal of Civil, Mechanical and
Energy Science (IJCMES), 1, 64–69. https://doi.org/10.24001/ijcmes.icse
sd2017.74
Council on Energy, E. and W. (CEEW) and G. (2017). Access to Clean Cook-
ing Energy in India Beyond connections, towards sustained use Policy
Brief.
Department of Renewable Energy, B. (2016). Bhutan Energy Directory 2015.
Deshmukh, M. K., and Deshmukh, S. S. (2006). System sizing for imple-
mentation of sustainable energy plan. Energy Education Science and
Technology, 1(18).
Deshmukh, S. (2011). Energy resource allocation in energy planning. In
Handbook of Renewable Energy Technology, 801–846.
Deshmukh, S., Jinturkar, A., and Anwar, K. (2014). Determinants of house-
hold fuel choice behavior in rural Maharashtra, India. In 1st International
Congress on Environmental, Biotechnology, and Chemistry Engineering
IPCBEE, IACSIT, Singapore.
Development Bank, A. (2017). Nepal Energy Sector Assessment, Strategy,
and Roadmap. In Asian Development Bank. https://doi.org/10.22617/TCS
-2
Farabi-Asl, H. (2019). Energy Challenges for Clean Cooking in Asia, the
Background, and Possible Policy Solutions. 1007. https://doi.org/10.1
/978-1-349-67278-3 116
Ferriello, I. (2012). Annual Report 2012 Health Department Annual Report
V. Katekar and S. S. Deshmukh
Ghimire, P. C. (2007). Final Report on Technical Study of Biogas Plants
Installed in Pakistan. In Asia/Africa Biogas Programme (Issue December).
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. (2012). Bangladesh
Country Action Plan For Clean Cookstoves (Issue November).
Hydrocarbon Unit of Energy and Mineral Resources Division, M. of P. (2019).
Energy Scenario, Bangladesh,2017-18 (Issue January).
Iftikhar, M. N., Najeeb, F., Mahazzam, S., and Khan, S. A. (2015). Sustain-
able Energy for All in South Asia: Potential, Challenges, and Solutions.
Sustainable Development Policy Institute (Issue 2015).
Investment, C. (2018). Opportunities in South Asia.
IRENA. (2019). Renewables Readiness Assessment: Kingdom Of Bhutan
(Issue December).
Irfan, M., Zhao, Z. Y., Panjwani, M. K., Mangi, F. H., Li, H., Jan, A., Ahmad,
M., and Rehman, A. (2020). Assessing the energy dynamics of Pakistan:
Prospects of biomass energy. Energy Reports, 6, 80–93. https://doi.org/10
.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.161
Jambhulkar, G., Nitnaware, V., Pal, M., Fuke, N., Khandelwal, P., Sonule, P.,
Narnawre, S., and Katekar, V. (2015). Performance Evaluation of Cooking
Stove Working on Spent Cooking Oil. International Journal of Emerging
Science and Engineering. http://vikrantkatekar.com/Supplimentry/File N
otes/910201522291.pdf
Jinturkar, A., Deshmukh, S., Sarode, A., Sunapwar, V., and Khodke, P. (2014).
Fuzzy-AHP approach to improve effectiveness of supply chain. Supply
Chain Management Under Fuzziness, Springer, 35–59.
Katekar, V. P., Deshmukh, S. S., and Elsheikh, A. H. (2020). Assessment and
Way Forward for Bangladesh on SDG-7: Affordable and Clean Energy.
International Energy Journal, 20(3), 421–438.
Kharbanda, V. K., and Panda, R. R. (2016). Report on Regional
Energy/Electricity Regulatory Institutional Mechanism in South Asia:
South Asia Forum of Electricity/Energy Regulators (SAFER).
Koyama, K. (2016). Challenges for Asian Energy Markets as a Gravity Center
of the World. June, 3–6.
Kumar, N., Hammill, M., Raihan, S., and Panda, S. (2016). Strategies for
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in South Asia:
Lessons from Policy Simulations. August, 33.
Lam, N. L., Upadhyay, B., Maharjan, S., Jagoe, K., Weyant, C. L., Thompson,
R., Uprety, S., Johnson, M. A., and Bond, T. C. (2017). Seasonal fuel
consumption, stoves, and end-uses in rural households of the far-western
En Route for the Accomplishment of SDG-7 in South Asian Countries 227
development region of Nepal. Environmental Research Letters, 12(12).
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa98cc
Lo, K. (2017). Asian Energy Challenges in the Asian Century. Journal of
Asian Energy Studies, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.24112/jaes.010101
Ministry of Environment and Energy. (2017). Sustainability Data Book 2017.
Ministry of Environment and Energy. (2018). Island Electricity Data Book
Naz, S., Page, A., and Agho, K. E. (2017). Household air pollution from use
of cooking fuel and under-five mortality: The role of breastfeeding status
and kitchen location in Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 12(3), 1–14. https://doi.org/
1371/journal.pone.0173256
Nia, A. B., Hermouet, E., Shayani, D., and Tran, P. (2019). Asia and the
Pacific SDG progress report.
NITI Aayog and IEEJ. (2017). Energizing India, A Joint Project Report of
NITI Aayog and IEEJ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.07.068
Office, A. (2013). Regional Corporation for Energy Access and Energy
Security in South and South-West Asia (Issue February).
Organization, C. S. (2018). Afghanistan Renewable Energy Development
Issues and Options. In Afghanistan Renewable Energy Development
Issues and Options. https://doi.org/10.1596/30270
Pacific, E. and social survey of A. and the. (2018). Economic and social survey
of Asia and the Pacific 2018: Mobilizing finance for sustained, inclusive
and sustainable economic growth. In United Nations Publication.
Pandey, B., and Bajgain, S. (2007). Feasibility Study of Domestic Biogas in
Pakistan. Rspn, July, 1–38.
Parikh, J. K., Sharma, A., Singh, C., and Neelakantan, S. (2016). for Sustain-
able Development Providing Clean Cooking Fuel in India: Challenges
and solutions (Issue April).
Paudel, U., Khatri, U., and Pant, K. P. (2018). Understanding the determinants
of household cooking fuel choice in Afghanistan: A multinomial logit
estimation. Energy, 156, 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.201
05.085
Rafique, M. M., and Rehman, S. (2017). National energy scenario of Pakistan
– Current status, future alternatives, and institutional infrastructure: An
overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69(October 2016),
–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.057
Rahman, S. H., Wijayatunga, P. D. C., Gunatilake, H., and Fernando, P. N.
(2011). Energy trade in South Asia.
SAARC. (2018). SAARC Energy Outlook (Issue December).
V. Katekar and S. S. Deshmukh
Shrestha, B. (2014). Low-carbon South Asia: Nepal.
Tareen, W. U. K., Dilbar, M. T., Farhan, M., Ali Nawaz, M., Durrani, A.
W., Memon, K. A., Mekhilef, S., Seyedmahmoudian, M., Horan, B.,
Amir, M., and Aamir, M. (2019). Present Status and Potential of Biomass
Energy in Pakistan Based on Existing and Future Renewable Resources.
Sustainability, 12(1), 249. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010249
Toufique, K. A., Narayan, D., Paul, R., Agargaon, E.-, and Nagar, S. (2018).
Fuel wood consumption in four districts of Bangladesh, Bangladesh
Institute of Development Studies.
https://aeeeuropeenergy.com/