Study on the Effectiveness of Constructed Wetlands in Purifying Polluted Water from Rivers and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/spee1048-5236.4315Keywords:
Constructed wetlands, River water pollution, Biochar, Greenhouse gasesAbstract
In order to investigate the effect of different substrates of constructed wetlands on the purification of polluted water in rivers and their greenhouse gas emissions, this study designed three small-scale constructed wetland experimental systems with traditional gravel (CW-G), volcanic rock (CW-V) and biomass carbon (CW-B) as filler substrates to investigate the effect of different constructed wetland systems on the removal of COD and nitrogen pollutants and to further analyse their effect on greenhouse gas emissions. The results showed that the removal rates of organic matter in all three groups of constructed wetlands reached over 90%. and 49.29% to 58.71%, respectively, with CW-V and CW-B significantly improving the removal of NH4+ -N and NO3− -N compared to CW-G (P < 0.05). A comparison of greenhouse gas emissions reveals that although CW-B resulted in the highest N2O emissions due to its better removal of NO3− -N, its share in nitrogen removal was still the smallest. In addition, the rapid consumption of organic matter in the influent water and the oxidation of some CH4 to CO2 resulted in no detectable CH4 in any of the three groups of constructed wetlands. The results of this study show that the differences in treatment effects and greenhouse gas emissions between the three types of substrate constructed wetlands are significant, and this study can provide some scientific reference for the construction and operation of wetlands for the purification of polluted water bodies in rivers.
Downloads
References
C. Yang, X. L. Zhang, Y. Q. Tang et al. Selection and optimization of the substrate in constructed wetland: A review. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022, 49: 103140.
C. Mburu, J. Kipkemboi, R. Kimwaga. Impact of substrate type, depth and retention time on organic matter removal in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland mesocosms for treating slaughterhouse wastewater. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 2019, 114: 102792.
J. Q. Gao, J. Zhao, J. S. Zhang et al. Preparation of a new low-cost substrate prepared from drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS)/bentonite/zeolite/fly ash for rapid phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 261: 121110.
P. Arroyo, G. Ansola, L. Sáenz de Miera. Effects of substrate, vegetation and flow on arsenic and zinc removal efficiency and microbial diversity in constructed wetlands. Ecological Engineering, 2013, 51: 95–103.
Q. K. Hong, H. L. Zhang, S. X. Zhang. Study on the Efficiency Treatment of Polluted Water by Biofilm Process Filled with Bamboo Filler. Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment. 2022, 41: 241–254.
B. Hu, S. S. Hu, J. Vymazal et al. Do mycorrhizal symbiosis affect wastewater purification in constructed wetlands with different substrates?. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2023, 52: 103498.
S. J. Deng, J. Q. Chen, J. J. Chang. Application of biochar as an innovative substrate in constructed wetlands/biofilters for wastewater treatment: Performance and ecological benefits. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 293: 126156.
Z. X. Hua, Y. Q. Pan, Q. K. Hong. Adsorption of Congo red dye in water by orange peel biochar modified with CTAB. RSC Advances, 2023, 13: 12502–12508.
H. X. Wang, J. L. Xu, L. X. Sheng. Purification mechanism of sewage from constructed wetlands with zeolite substrates: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 258: 120760.
S. Miranda, A. Matos, M. Matos et al. Influence of the substrate type and position of plant species on clogging and the hydrodynamics of constructed wetland systems. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2019, 31: 100871.
J. Li, L. Liu, X. Huang et al. Cross-effect of wetland substrates properties on anammox process in three single-substrate anammox constructed wetlands for treating high nitrogen sewage with low C/N. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 304: 114329.
J. M. Chyan, C. J. Lin, M. J. Yu et al. An innovative reuse of bottom ash from municipal solid waste incinerators as substrates of constructed wetlands. Chemosphere, 2022, 307: 135896.
H. X. Wang, H. W. Teng, X. Y. Wang et al. Physicochemical modification of corn straw biochar to improve performance and its application of constructed wetland substrate to treat city tail water. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 310: 114758.
Z. Cao, L. Zhou, Z. Y. Gao et al. Comprehensive benefits assessment of using recycled concrete aggregates as the substrate in constructed wetland polishing effluent from wastewater treatment plant. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 228: 125551.
D. Mateus, M. Vaz, H. Pinho. Fragmented limestone wastes as a constructed wetland substrate for phosphorus removal. Ecological Engineering, 2012, 41: 65–69.
C. J. Li, Y. Dong, Y. H. Lei et al. Removal of low concentration nutrients in hydroponic wetlands integrated with zeolite and calcium silicate hydrate functional substrates. Ecological Engineering, 2015, 82: 442–450.
T. T. Zhou, J. G. Liu, Z. Y. Lie et al. Effects of applying different carbon substrates on nutrient removal and greenhouse gas emissions by constructed wetlands treating carbon-depleted hydroponic wastewater. Bioresource Technology, 2022, 357: 127312.
X. Z. Fu, Z. D. Yu, F. L. Kong et al. Application of an integrated loach-plant-substrate-microbes non-aerated saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands: Mechanisms of pollutants removal and greenhouse gases reduction. Bioresource Technology, 2023, 368: 128337.
J. J. Chang, S. J. Deng, X. Li et al. Effective treatment of acid mine drainage by constructed wetland column: Coupling walnut shell and its biochar product as the substrates. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2022, 49: 103116.
T. T. Tian, Q. Yang, G. L. Wei et al. Changes of substrate microbial biomass and community composition in a constructed mangrove wetland for municipal wastewater treatment during 10-years operation. 2020, 155: 111095.
G. W. Li, Z. J. Huang, H. S. Li et al. Synergistic removal of sulfamethoxazole and dimethyl phthalate by five constructed wetland substrates. Chemosphere, 2023, 318: 137936.
X. Zhou, C. L. Liang, L. X Jia et al. An innovative biochar-amended substrate vertical flow constructed wetland for low C/N wastewater treatment: Impact of influent strengths. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 247: 844–850.
G. Q. Fu, J. F. Wu, J. Y. Han et al. Effects of substrate type on denitrification efficiency and microbial community structure in constructed wetlands. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 307: 123222.
H. M. Wu, J. L. Fan, Jian Zhang et al. Intensified organics and nitrogen removal in the intermittent-aerated constructed wetland using a novel sludge-ceramsite as substrate[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016, 210: 101–107.
https://aeeeuropeenergy.com/
