Real Time Demand Driven Performance Assessment of Direct Coupled HESS for Electric Vehicles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/spee1048-5236.45312Keywords:
Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS), electric vehicles (EV), proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), direct coupled, energy managementAbstract
Multi-converter-based architectures are common in hybrid energy storage systems used in electric vehicles, increase a high cost, high power losses, and high weight. The current work presents a conceptual break to such traditional designs with a direct-coupled HESS that incorporates a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a lithium-ion battery, and a supercapacitor into one DC bus so that the interconnection power converters are not required. This suggested configuration is based on the new demand-driven model, where the distribution of power is determined depending on the actual load requirements and without referring to predictive algorithms. The proposed system was modeled to evaluate the feasibility of this approach and was heavily simulated in an environment based on MATLAB/Simulink, with three standardized drive cycles FTP75, EPA Highway and WLTC Class. The performance is shown with EMS distribution efficiency of 94.8% and response time of 3.2 milliseconds. It also shows a more stress-free architecture of components, 55.7% decrease in peak current of the battery and better capacity retention. Through successful decoupling of power distribution and predictive models, the results demonstrate that a simplified, converter-free topology is a high-performance alternative providing a possible future, more solid, efficient, and commercially viable route to more robust and efficient powertrains in electric vehicles.
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