Improvements in DNA Biosensors Using Joint Split Ring Resonators Coupled with Thin Film Microstrip Line
Keywords:
DNA detection, metamaterials, sensitivity improvement, THz biosensorsAbstract
Detecting the presence of materials in biomedical science using THz sensors, especially thin DNA strands, needs considerably sensitive sensors. Connection of unit cells in new frequency selective surface (FSS) structure, coupled with transmission line is introduced so that not only helps to miniaturize in sensing applications through THz frequency range, but also has steeper flanks in transitions, thus leads us to have higher sensitivities. All of the results are taken out from resonant frequencies related to reflection (s11), a new property used instead of transmission loss (s21), which is measurable using THz spectrometers. The effect of analyte thickness and dielectric properties of load on frequency response is explained. This approach is a new way in recognizing very small amounts of material even with rather low dielectric constants.
Downloads
References
J. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, “Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory & Tech., vol. 47, no. 12, pp. 2075-2084, Nov. 1999.
V. G. Veselago, “The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of permittivity and permeability,” Sov. Phys. Uspekhi, vol. 10, 1968.
D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, “Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 84, no. 18. pp. 4184-4187, May 2000.
S. Linden, C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, J. Zhou, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis, “Magnetic response of metamaterials at 100 THz,” Science, 306(5700), pp. 1351-1361, 2004.
V. M. Shalaev, “Optical negative index metamaterials,” Nat. Photonics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 41-48, 2007.
H. J. Lee and J. G. Yook, “Biosensing using splitring resonators at microwave regime,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 92, pp. 254103-1-3, June 2008.
H. S. Lee, H. J. Lee, H. H. Choi, J. G. Yook, and K. H. Yoo, “Carbon-nanotube-resonator-based biosensors,” Small, vol. x, no. x, pp. 1-5, Sep. 2008.
H. J. Lee, et al., “DNA sensing based on single element planar double split-ring resonator,” Microwave Symposium Digest, 2009, MTT'09, IEEE MTT-S International, IEEE, 2009.
S. Linden, C. Enkrich, G. Dolling, M. W. Klein, J. Zhou, T. Koschny, C. M. Soukoulis, S. Burger, F. Schmidt, and M. Wegener, “Photonic metamaterials: magnetism at optical frequencies,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 1097- 1105, 2006.
M. Ali, A. Kachouri, and M. Samet, “Novel method for planar microstrip antenna matching impedance,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.0856, 2010.
Y. Kadoya, M. Onuma, S. Yanagi, T. Ohkubo, N. Sato, and J. Kitagawa, “THz, wave propagation on strip lines,” Devices, Properties, and Applications Japan Radio Engineering, vol. 17, no. 2, 2008.
Y. Okahata, Y. Matsunobu, K. Ijiro, M. Mukae, A. Murakami, and K. Makino, “Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on a silicon crystal microbalance,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 114, no. 21, pp. 8299-8300, 1992
C. Wittmann and C. Marquette, DNA Immobilization, This article was published in the Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry in 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
J. F. O’Hara, et al., “Thin-film sensing with terahertz split-ring resonators,” Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Optical Society of America, 2008.
A. del Campo and I. J. Bruce, Substrate Patterning and Activation Strategies for DNA Chip Fabrication, in Topics in Current Chemistry 260 – Immobilization of DNA on Chips I, ed. C. Wittmann, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 77-111, 2005.
H.-M. Heiliger, M. Nagel, H. G. Roskos, H. Kurz, F. Schnieder, and W. Heinrich, “Thin-film microstrip lines for mm and sub-mm-wave on-chip interconnects,” in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., pp. 421-424, 1997.
