Design and Analysis of an Interior Continuous Magnetic Gear Box Using Finite Element Method
Keywords:
Continuous, Finite Element Method (FEM), Interior Magnetic Gear (IMG), Permanent Magnet (PM)Abstract
Magnetic gears offer important potential benefits compared with mechanical gears such as reduced maintenance, improved reliability, inherent overload protection, and physical isolation between the input and output shafts. This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel structure of magnet gear, which named Interior Magnetic Gear (IMG) using neodymium-iron-boron magnets for the applications in which continuous ratio of gear box is useful such as wind generators, electric vehicles and etc. The analysis is performed by Finite Element Method (FEM) to predict output torque, speed and magnetic field distribution inside the gear box. The IMG made up of an inner rotor and an outer rotor. The inner rotor is similar to the rotor of a 3 phase wound rotor induction motor and the outer rotor consists of 6 PM poles. Both the inner rotor and the outer rotor can be employed as a low/high speed rotating part. The interior arrangement of PMs result many advantage such as low torque ripple. The simulation and analytical results are in good accord.
Downloads
References
K. Tsurumoto and S. Kikushi, “A new magnetic gear using permanent magnet,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 3622–3624, 1987.
D.R. Huang, Y.D.Yao, S.M. Lin and S.J.Wang, “The Radial Magnetic Couplings between Magnetic Gears,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 17- 21, Nov. 1995.
Y.D.Yao, D.H.Huang, S.M. Lin and S.J.Wang, “Theoretical Computations of the Magnetic Coupling between Magnetic Gears,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 710-713, May 1996.
A. Sarikhani , O. A. Mohammed, “Coupled electromagnetic field computation with external circuit for the evaluation the performance of electric motor designs,” ACES Journal, vol. 26, no. 12, 2011.
E. Schmidt, M. Hofer, “Application of the sliding surface method with 3D finite element analyses of a hybrid magnetic bearing,” ACES Conference, LowFrequency Computational Electromagcs, 2009.
K. Atallah and D. Howe, “A novel highperformance magnetic gear,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 2844–2846, July. 2001.
P. O. Rasmussen, T. O. Andersen, F. T. Jørgensen, and O. Nielsen, “Development of a highperformance magnetic gear,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 764–770, May/Jun. 2005.
C. Huang, M. Tsai, D. G. Dorrell, and B. Lin, “Development of a magnetic planetary gearbox,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 403–412, Mar. 2008.
L.L. Wang, J.X. Shen, P.C.K. Luk, W.Z. Fei, C.F. Wang and H. Hao, “Development of a MagneticGeared Permanent-Magnet Brushless Motor,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 4578–4581, Oct. 2009.
N. Niguchi and K. Hirata, “Torque-Speed Characteristics Analysis of a Magnetic-Geared Motor Using Finite Element Method Coupled With Vector Control,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 2401–2404, 2013.
P.O. Rasmussen, T.V. Frandsen, K.K. Jensen and K. Jessen, “Experimental Evaluation of a MotorIntegrated Permanent-Magnet Gear,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 850–859, 2013.
L. Jian, K.T. Chau and J.Z. Jiang, “A MagneticGeared Outer-Rotor Permanent-Magnet Brushless Machine for Wind Power Generation,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 954–962, Nov. 2009.
K.T. Chau, D. Zhang, J.Z. Jiang, Ch. Liu and Y. Zhang, “Design of a Magnetic-Geared Outer-Rotor Permanent-Magnet Brushless Motor for Electric Vehicles,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 2504–2506, Feb. 2007.
M. Aubertin, A. Tounzi and Y.L. Menach, “Study of an Electromagnetic Gearbox Involving Two Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Using 3- D-FEM,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 81–84, Nov. 2008.
Z. Haznadar, Z. Stih, S. Berberovic, G. Manenica, “The application of the finite element method in design of electric motors,” ACES Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, 1994.
O. A. Mohammed, S. Ganu, N. Abed, S. Liu, Z. Liu, “High Frequency Phase Variable Model of Electric Machines from Electromagnetic Field Computation,” ACES Journal, vol. 22, no. 1, 2007.
H. Torkaman, N. Arbab, H. Karim, E. Afjei, “Fundamental and Magnetic Force Analysis of an External Rotor Switched Reluctance Motor,” ACES Journal, vol. 26, no. 10, 2011.
M. Okano, K. Tsurumoto, Sh. Togo, N. Tamada and Sh. Fuchino, “Characteristics of the magnetic gear using a bulk high-Tc superconductor,” IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 979–983, March. 2002.
K. Atallah, J. Wang, and D. Howe, “A highperformance linear magnetic gear,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 97, pp. 10N516-1–10N516-3, 2005.
P. Zheng, B. Yu, H. Yan, Y. Sui, J. Bai, P. Wang, “Electromagnetic Analysis of a Novel Cylindrical Transverse-Flux Permanent-Magnet Linear Machine,” ACES Journal, vol. 28, no. 9, 2013.
F.T. Jorgensen, T.O. Andersen and P.O. Rasmussen, “The Cycloid Permanent Magnetic Gear,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 1659–1665, Nov. 2008.
S. Mezani, K. Atallah, and D. Howe, “A highperformance axial-field magnetic gear,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 99, pp. 08R303-1–08R303-3, 2006.
V.M. Acharya, J.Z. Bird and M. Calvin, “A Flux Focusing Axial Magnetic Gear,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 49, no. 7, pp. 4092–4095, 2013.
J. Rens, R. Clark, S. Calverley, K. Atallah and D. Howe, “Design, analysis and realization of a novel magnetic harmonic gear,” 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), pp. 1- 4, 2009.
J. Rens, K. Atallah, S.D. Calverley and D. Howe, “A Novel Magnetic Harmonic Gear,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 206–212, Jan./Feb. 2010.
Z. Q. Zhu and D. Howe, “Halbach permanent magnet machines and applications: a review,” Inst. Electr. Eng. Proc. Electr. Power Appl., vol. 148, no. 4, pp. 299–308, Jul. 2001.
J. Choi and J. Yoo, “Design of a Halbach magnet array based on optimization techniques,” IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2361–2366, Oct. 2008.
L. Jian and K.T. Chau, “A Coaxial Magnetic Gear With Halbach Permanent-Magnet Arrays,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 319–328, June. 2010.
L. Shah, A. Cruden and B.W. Williams, “A Variable Speed Magnetic Gear Box Using Contra-Rotating Input Shafts,” IEEE Trans. Magn.,vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 431–438, Feb. 2011.
P. Vas, “Sensorless Vector and Direct Torque Control,” Oxford Press, New York, 1998.
N. Niguchi and K. Hirata, “Cogging Torque Analysis of Magnetic Gear,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2189–2197, 2012.
H. Lesani, “Windings of Electric Machinery,” 3nd edition,” Daneshofan Press, Tehran, Iran1995.
G.R. Slemon, “Electric Machines and Drives,” Addison-Wesley Publication Company, 1992.
