Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling of Ultra-High Frequency Antennas on and Inside the Carbon Fiber Body of a Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle

Authors

  • Katherine Han School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
  • Paul Freeman School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
  • Hai-Yue Han Inspired Light, LLC. Corvallis, OR 97330, USA
  • Jacob Hamar School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
  • James F. Stack, Jr. Remcom, Inc. 315 S. Allen St., Suite #416, State College, PA 16801, USA

Keywords:

Antenna CFD, FDTD and vehicle antenna modeling

Abstract

Finite-difference time-domain simulations are performed on a 900 MHz band antenna inside and outside the carbon fiber body of a solar-powered electric vehicle. Data is analyzed to determine the optimal antenna placement for transmission to a receiving antenna located toward the rear of the solar vehicle. Modeling data is compared to experimental results. Computational fluid dynamics are used to determine acceptability of external antenna placement. It is found that the ideal antenna would be inside the vehicle’s body and oriented vertically, but that the portion of the body surrounding the antenna must be constructed of a non-conductive material.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Y. Yamagucki, T. Abe, and T. Sekigucki, “Radio wave propagation loss in the VHF to microwave region due to vehicles in tunnels,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 31, pp. 87-91, 1989.

E. Irci, K. Sertel, and J. L. Volakis, “Miniature printed magnetic photonic crystal antennas embedded into vehicular platforms,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 26, pp. 109-114, February 2011.

Y. H. Wang, X. Xing, and Y. Zhang, “Characterization of packet-level measurements for vehicular wireless networks,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 27, pp. 532-540, June 2012.

E. K. Walton, R. Abou-Jaoude, and M. E. Pekar, “Annular slot windshield antenna,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 47, pp. 766-773, 1998.

R. Abou-Jaoude and E. K. Walton, “Numerical modeling of on-glass conformal automobile antennas,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 46, pp. 845-852, 1998.

H. Nagatomo, Y. Yamada, K. Tabira, T. Itagaki, and S. Yuminaga, “Radiation from multiple reflected waves emitted by a cabin antenna in a car,” Ieice Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences, vol. E85A, pp. 1585-1593, July 2002.

S. Horiuchi, K. Yamada, S. Tanaka, Y. Yamada, and N. Michishita, “Comparisons of simulated and measured electric field distributions in a cabin of a simplified scale car model,” Ieice Transactions on Communications, vol. E90B, pp. 2408-2415, September 2007.

J. C. Batchelor, R. J. Langley, and H. Endo, “Onglass mobile antenna performance modelling,” Iee Proceedings-Microwaves Antennas and Propagation, vol. 148, pp. 233-238, August 2001.

K. Nishikawa and Y. Asano, “Vertical radiationpatterns of trunk mount antennas for mobile radio-communications,” Ieice Transactions on Communications Electronics Information and Systems, vol. 74, pp. 3227-3232, October 1991.

L. Low, R. Langley, and J. Batchelor, “Modelling and performance of conformal automotive antennas,” Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation, vol. 1, pp. 973-979, October 2007.

R. Ehmann, B. Wagner, and T. Weiland, “Farfield calculations for car antennas at different locations,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 33, pp. 1508-1511, 1997.

Y. Tarusawa, S. Nishiki, and T. Nojima, “Fine positioning three-dimensional electric-field measurements in automotive environments,” Ieee Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 56, pp. 1295-1306, May 2007.

A. Taflove and S. C. Hagness, “Computational electrodynamics: the finite-difference timedomain method,” 3rd ed., Artech House, Inc., Norwood, MA, 2005.

K. S. Yee, “Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell’s equations in isotropic media,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 14, pp. 302-307, 1966.

V. Safarova and J. Gregr, “Electrical conductivity measurement of fibers and yarns,” 7th International Conference-TEXSCI, 2010.

F. Alam, H. Chowdhury, H. Moria, and S. Watkins, “Effects of vehicle add-ons on aerodynamic performance,” In Proceedings of the 13th Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2010.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-03

How to Cite

[1]
K. . Han, P. . Freeman, H.-Y. . Han, J. . Hamar, and J. F. . Stack, Jr., “Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling of Ultra-High Frequency Antennas on and Inside the Carbon Fiber Body of a Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle”, ACES Journal, vol. 29, no. 06, pp. 444–451, Sep. 2021.

Issue

Section

General Submission