Design, Full-Wave Analysis, and Near-Field Diagnostics of Reflectarray Antennas
Keywords:
Far-field, near-field, radiation pattern, reflectarrayAbstract
This article presents a detailed procedure for design, modeling, full-wave simulation, and near-field diagnostics of reflectarray antennas, through a case study of a Ka-band reflectarray antenna with 437 elements. A comparison between analytical approaches and full-wave simulations for reflectarray radiation analysis is also presented, illustrating the necessity of full-wave approaches for an accurate analysis. Furthermore, the phase shift provided by the phasing elements, in the real reflectarray configuration, is analyzed by using the near-field data from the full-wave simulation. This provides a means to diagnose a designed reflectarray, and identify phasing elements that are not providing the required phase shift. The effectiveness of the diagnostic approach is demonstrated through numerical examples.
Downloads
References
J. Huang and J. A. Encinar, Reflectarray Antennas, by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
D. M. Pozar, S. D. Targonski, and H. D. Syrigos, “Design of millimeter wave microstrip reflectarrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 287-296, Feb. 1997.
J. Huang and R. J. Pogorzelski, “A Ka-band microstrip reflectarray with elements having variable rotation angles,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 650-656, May 1998.
P. Nayeri, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, “Radiation analysis of reflectarray antennas: array theory approach versus aperture field approach,” presented at the 27th International Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics, Virginia, USA, Mar. 2011.
P. Nayeri, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, “Radiation analysis of reflectarray antennas: numerical approaches versus full-Wave simulations,” presented at the National Radio Science Meeting, Colorado, USA, Jan. 2012.
B. Devireddy, A. Yu, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, “Gain and bandwidth limitations of reflectarrays,” Appl. Comp. Electro. Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 26, no. 2, 2011.
S. H. Zainud-Deen, S. M. Gaber, A. M. AbdElhady, K. H. Awadalla, and A. A. Kishk, “Perforated dielectric resonator antenna reflectarray,” Appl. Comp. Electro. Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 26, no. 10, 2011.
M. Arrebola, E. Carrasco, and J. A. Encinar, “Beam scanning antenna using a reflectarray as sub-reflector,” Appl. Comp. Electro. Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 26, no. 6, 2011.
C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2005.
A. Yu, F. Yang, A. Z. Elsherbeni, J. Huang, and Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Aperture efficiency analysis of reflectarray antennas,” Microwave and Optical Technology Lett., vol. 52, pp. 364-372, 2010.
Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Reflector Antennas,” in Antenna Handbook: Theory, Applications, and Design, Y. T. Lo and S. W. Lee, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1988.
S. D. Targonski and D. M. Pozar, “Minimization of beam squint in microstrip reflectarrays using an offset feed,” presented at the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, MD, USA, July 1996.
A. K. Bhattacharyya, Phased Array Antennas: Floquet Analysis, Synthesis, BFNs, and Active Array Systems, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
Ansoft Designer v6.1, ANSYS Inc., 2012.
Matlab v R2011a, MathWorks Co., 2011.
P. D. Potter, “A new horn antenna with suppressed sidelobes and equal beamwidths,” JPL Technical Report, no. 32-354, 1963.
A. D. Olver, P. J. B. Clarricoats, A. A. Kishk, and L. Shafai, Microwave Horns and Feeds, by The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1994.
FEKO v 6.1, EM Software & Systems Inc., 2012.
J. Robinson and Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Particle swarm optimization in electromagnetics,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 397-407, Mar. 2004.
A. Yu, “Microstrip reflectarray antennas: Modeling, design and measurement,” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 2010.
P. Nayeri, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, “A broadband microstrip reflectarray using subwavelength patch elements,” presented at the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, SC, USA, June 2009.
