Characteristic Analysis and Control of a Rotary Electromagnetic Eddy Current Brake

Authors

  • Qiao Ren Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China
  • Jimin Zhang Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China
  • Hechao Zhou Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China
  • Jinnan Luo Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China

Keywords:

Braking characteristics, braking torque control, eddy current brake, finite element analysis

Abstract

This article designs an electromagnetic rotating eddy current brake (ECB), which has the advantages of no wear and low noise compared with traditional friction brake. First, using the magnetic circuit analysis model, a theoretical calculation formula of the ECB’s braking characteristics is given. The results show that the braking torque is negatively correlated with the thickness of the air gap as well as the electrical conductivity and the relative magnetic permeability of the brake disc material, and positively correlated with the number of ampere turns and the number of electromagnet poles. Secondly, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of the brake is established. The results of braking torque-speed characteristics between finite element calculation and theoretical analysis are compared, and the reasons for the differences between the two are explained. Using the FE model, the influence of the design parameters on torque characteristics is studied. Combined with the theoretical analysis model, the results are explained accordingly, providing a reference for the optimal design of the brake. Finally, a controller for the electromagnetic rotating eddy current brake is designed to control the amplitude of the desired braking torque.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Qiao Ren, Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China

Qiao Ren graduated from Changan University in 2018 with a bachelor's degree. She is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree with the Institute of Railway Transit, Tongji University, China. Her current research interests include eddy current brake, high-speed magnetic levitation control.

Jimin Zhang, Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China

Jimin Zhang received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from Southwest Jiaotong University, Chegdu, China, in 1999, and 2004, respectively. Since 2004, he has been with Tongji University, where he is currently a Professor. His research interests include magnetic levitation control, electromechanical coupling and active vehicle safety control, etc.

Hechao Zhou, Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China

Hechao Zhou received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from Tongji University and Technische Universität Berlin, in 2010, and 2014, respectively. Since 2014, he has been with Tongji University, where he is currently an Assistant Professor. His research interests include highspeed magnetic levitation and vehicle system dynamics, etc.

Jinnan Luo, Institute of Railway Transit Tongji University, Shanghai, 201800, China

Jinnan Luo received his B.S. degree in 2018 and M.Sc. degree in 2021 from Tongji University, Shanghai, China. His interest is high-speed magnetic field analysis and eddy current brake.

References

X. Zhu and X. Zhang, “Analysis and calculation of braking force on rail eddy current braking of high speed trains,” [J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1-8, Dec. 1996.

C. Yin and K. Zhang, “Electromagnetic force calculation of conductor plate double Halbach permanent magnet electrodynamic suspension,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 29, no. 11, pp. 916-922, Nov. 2014.

M. Fujita, T. Tokumasu, T. Yamada, T. Hirose, Y. Tanaka, N. Kumagai, and S. Uchida, “3- dimensional electromagnetic analysis and design of an eddy-current rail brake system,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 3548-3551, Sept.1998.

S. Surenkhorloo and J. K. Byun, “Analysis and case study of permanent magnet arrays for eddy current brake systems with a new performance index,” Journal of Magnetics, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 276-282, Sept. 2013.

C. Aldo and B. Vusini, “Design of axial eddycurrent couplers,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 725-733, May 2003.

L. Thierry and A. Rezzoug, “3-D analytical model for axial-flux eddy-current couplings and brakes under steady-state conditions,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 1-12, July 2015.

Z. Ali and A. Mirabadi, “Railway wheel detector in the presence of eddy current brakes,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 77-84, Jan. 2013.

B. Kou, Y. Jin, H. Zhang, L. Zhang, and H. Zhang, “Analysis and design of hybrid excitation linear eddy current brake,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 496-506, Mar. 2014.

K. Kerem, A. Suleman, and E. J. Park, “Analytical modeling of eddy current brakes with the application of time varying magnetic fields,” Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 1168-1179, Jan. 2016.

J. R. Tibola, R. L. Sari, T. D. M. Lanzanova, M. E. S. Martins, and H. Pinheiro, “Modeling and control of a low-cost driver for an eddy current dynamometer,” Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 368-378, Apr. 2016.

B. Kou, Y. Jin, L. Zhang, and H. Zhang, “Characteristic analysis and control of a hybrid excitation linear eddy current brake,” Energies, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 7441-7464, July 2015.

C. Tian, M. Wu, L. Zhu, and J. Qian, “An intelligent method for controlling the ECP braking system of a heavy-haul train,” Transportation Safety and Environment, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 133-147, June 2020.

T. Szczegielniak, P. Jabłoński, D. Kusiak, and Z. Piątek, “Eddy currents induced in two parallel round conductors,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 1922- 1930, Dec. 2019.

L. Kapjin and K. Park, “Modeling eddy currents with boundary conditions by using Coulomb's law and the method of images,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 1333-1340, Aug. 2002.

Y. Reza and M. Mirsalim, “Axial-flux woundexcitation eddy-current brakes: Analytical study and parametric modeling,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1-10, Jan. 2014.

Z. J. Liu, A. Vourdas, and K. J. Binns, “Magnetic field and eddy current losses in linear and rotating permanent magnet machines with a large number of poles,” IEE Proceedings A-Science, Measurement and Technology, vol. 138, no. 6, pp. 289-294, Dec. 1991.

M. Hecquet, P. Brochet, L. Jin, and P. Delsalle, “A linear eddy current braking system defined by finite element method,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 1841-1844, May 1999.

G. Mehmet, E. Yolacan, and M. Aydin, “Design, analysis and real time dynamic torque control of single-rotor–single-stator axial flux eddy current brake,” IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 869-876, Nov. 2016.

A. Sohel, “A parametric model of an eddy current electric machine for automotive braking applications,” IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 422-427, May 2004.

J. M. Díaz-Chacón, C. Hernandez, and M. A. Arjona, “A comprehensive 2D FE-SIBC model for calculating the eddy current losses in a transformer tank-wall,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 646-653, Aug. 2012.

H. J. Ryoo, J. S. Kim, D. H. Kang, G. H. Rim, Y. J. Kim, and C. Y. Won, “Design and analysis of an eddy current brake for a high-speed railway train with constant torque control,” Conference Record of the 2000 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, Rome, Italy, vol. 1. pp. 277-281, Oct. 2000.

S. Emmanuel and D. Georges, “Modeling and control of eddy current brake,” IFAC Proceedings Volumes, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 109-114, July 1995.

Downloads

Published

2021-10-21

How to Cite

[1]
Q. . Ren, J. . Zhang, H. . Zhou, and J. . Luo, “Characteristic Analysis and Control of a Rotary Electromagnetic Eddy Current Brake”, ACES Journal, vol. 36, no. 08, pp. 1065–1074, Oct. 2021.

Issue

2021: Vol 36 Iss 8

Section

Articles