The PMC-Amended DB Boundary – A Canonical EBG Surface
Keywords:
The PMC-Amended DB Boundary – A Canonical EBG SurfaceAbstract
Replacing realistic materials and structures by their ideal counterparts, canonical surfaces, is of great interest for initial and conceptual electromagnetic (EM) studies. The recently introduced DB boundary is defined by a set of simple boundary conditions forcing the normal components of the D- and B- fields to be zero at the boundary. We show that this DB boundary produces many 2-D scattering results that are similar to how practical so-called electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) surfaces behave within the bandgap. Still, it is not directly useable as a canonical EBG surface, because, as we demonstrate in this paper, it is incomplete, creating an anomaly for normal incidence which causes unphysical field solution for 3-D field problems. We have removed this anomaly by introducing the PMC-amended DB boundary. This works in the same way as a practically realized EBG surface for both 2-D and 3-D problems within the bandgap, and is therefore a canonical EBG surface.
Downloads
References
P.-S. Kildal, “Artificially Soft and Hard
Surfaces in Electromagnetics,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propagat., V ol. 38, pp. 1537-1544,
Oct. 1990.
P.-S. Kildal and A. Kishk, “EM Modeling of
Surfaces with STOP or GO Characteristics -
Artificial Magnetic Conductors and Soft and
Hard Surfaces,” Applied Computational
Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 18, pp.
-40, Mar. 2003.
V. Lindell and A. H. Sihvola,
“Electromagnetic Boundary and its
Realization with Anisotropic Metamaterial,”
Physical Review E 79, 026604, 2009.
D. Sievenpiper, L. J. Zhang, R. F. J. Broas, N.
G. Alexopolous, and E. Yablonovitch, “High-
Impedance Electromagnetic Surfaces with a
KILDAL, KISHK, BOSILJEVAC, SIPUS: THE PMC-AMENDED DB BOUNDARY – A CANONICAL EBG SURFACE
Forbidden Frequency Band,” IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and
Techniques, vol. 47, pp. 2059-2074, Nov.
P.-S. Kildal, A. Kishk, and A. Tengs,
“Reduction of Forward Scattering from
Cylindrical Objects using Hard Surfaces,”
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 44, pp.
-1520, Nov. 1996.
P.-S. Kildal, A. Kishk, and Z. Sipus, “RF
Invisibility using Metamaterials: Harry
Potter's Cloak or the Emperor's New
Clothes?,” 2007 IEEE International
Symposium on Antennas and Propagation
(APS), Hawaii, 10-15 June 2007.
P.-S. Kildal, A. A. Kishk, and S. Maci,
“Special Issue on Artificial Magnetic
Conductors, Soft/Hard Surfaces, and Other
Complex Surfaces” (Guest Editors), IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
vol. 53, pp. 2-7, Jan. 2005.
Ahmed Kishk and Per-Simon Kildal,
“Modeling of Soft and Hard Surfaces using
Ideal PEC/PMC Strip Grids,” IET
Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 3,
pp. 296–302, Mar. 2009.
P.-S. Kildal, E. Alfonso, A. Valero-Nogueira,
and E. Rajo-Iglesias, "Local Metamaterial-
Based Waveguides in Gaps between Parallel
Metal Plates," IEEE Antennas and Wireless
Propagation Letters (AWPL), vol. 8, pp. 84-
, 2009.
A. Valero-Nogueira, E. Alfonso, J. I. Herranz,
and P.-S. Kildal, “Experimental
Demonstration of Local Quasi-TEM Gap
Modes in Single-Hard-Wall Waveguides,”
IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components
Letters, vol. 19, pp. 536-538, Sept. 2009.
M. Ng Mou Kehn and P.-S. Kildal,
“Miniaturized Rectangular Hard Waveguides
for use in Multi-Frequency Phased Arrays,”
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 53, pp. 100-109, Jan. 2005.
M. Ng Mou Kehn, M. Nannetti, A. Cucini, S.
Maci, and P.-S. Kildal “Analysis of Dispersion
in Dipole-FSS Loaded Hard Rectangular
Waveguide,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas
and Propagation, vol. 54, pp. 2275-2282,
Aug. 2006.
E. Rajo-Iglesias, A. Uz Zaman, and P.-S.
Kildal, “Parallel Plate Cavity Mode
Suppression in Microstrip Circuit Packages
using a Lid of Nails,” IEEE Microwave and
Wireless Components Letters, vol. 20, no. 1,
pp. 31-33, Jan. 2010.
M. A. Kishk, A. A. Kishk, and P.-S. Kildal,
“Electromagnetic Scattering from Circular
Cylinders with PEC/PMC Boundaries,” 2010
IEEE International Symposium on Antennas
and Propagation, Toronto, July 11-17, 2010.
P.-S. Kildal, A. A. Kishk, and Z. Sipus,
“Introduction to Canonical Surfaces in
Electromagnetic Computations: PEC, PMC,
PEC/PMC Strip Grid, DB Surface,” The 26th
Annual Review of Progress in Applied
Computational Electromagnetics. Tampere,
Finland, pp. 514-519, April 26-29, 2010.
CST Microwave Studio 2010, www.cst.com.
I. V. Lindell, and A. H. Sihvola, “Uniaxial IB-
Medium Interface and Novel Boundary
Conditions,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas
and Propagation, vol. 57, pp. 694-700, Mar.
Z. Sipus, H. Merkel, and P.-S. Kildal, “Green's
Functions for Planar Soft and Hard Surfaces
Derived by Asymptotic Boundary
Conditions,” IEE Proceedings - Microwaves,
Antennas and Propagation, vol. 144, pp. 321-
, Oct. 1997.
Z. Sipus, P.-S. Kildal, R. Leijon, and M.
Johansson, “An Algorithm for Calculating
Green's Functions of Planar, Circular
Cylindrical and Spherical Multilayer
Substrates,” Applied Computational
Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 13, no.
, pp. 243-254, 1998.


