A Heterogeneous Hybrid Computational Electromagnetics Formulation Including Conduction Current Crossing the Domain Boundary

Abstract

A heterogeneous hybrid computational electromagnetics method is presented, which enables different parts of a problem space to be treated by different methods, thus enabling the most appropriate method to be used for each part. The method uses a standard frequency-domain Method of Moments program and a Finited-Difference Time-Domain program to compute the fields in the two regions. The interface between the two regions is a surface on which effective sources are defined by application of the Equivalence Principle. An extension to this permits conduction currents to cross the boundary between the different computational domains. Several validation cases are examined and the results compared with available data. The method is particularly suitable for simulation of the interaction of a mobile telephone with the human body in cases where the antenna has a complex shape and the chassis is in contact with the body tissue.