Optimal Synthesis of Unequally Spaced Linear Arrays under Multiple Constraints
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/2024.ACES.J.390402Keywords:
adaptive ε-constraint handling, array synthesis, differential evolution, unequally spaced linear arrays, whale optimization algorithmAbstract
This paper proposes a differential evolution modified with adaptive ε-constraint handling and whale optimization algorithm (ε-WOA-DE) for the synthesis of unequally spaced linear arrays under array layout constraints and array pattern characteristics constraints. In particular, the success history based adaptive differential evolution with linear population reduction (LSHADE) serves as the basic search engine in this study. To ensure the searching ability of LSHADE under multiple constraints, an adaptive ε-constraint handling technique is implemented in LSHADE, in which the epsilon level is adjusted dynamically to make the solution scalable to the feasible region when it is in the infeasible region. In addition, the WOA mutation is implemented in the LSHADE to enhance the local search capability. Two array synthesis examples with multiple constraints are chosen to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results comparison and the convergence analysis of the ε-WOA-DE illustrate the superior capability of the proposed method.
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