Design of a Pulse Transformer for X-band Klystron

Authors

  • Yongfang Liu Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8711-0581
  • Yonghua Wu Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
  • Xiaoxuan Zhou Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
  • Jin Tong Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.ACES.J.380914

Keywords:

flat-top, klystron, pulse modulator, pulse transformer, rise time

Abstract

Future linear accelerators require klystrons with higher radio frequency (RF) to drive higher gradient accelerating structure. An x-band accelerator structure was used to accelerate electrons at the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser Facility (SXFEL) in Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SARI-CAS). A pulse transformer is a crucial device in an RF system. This study presents a high-voltage pulse transformer used for a 50 MW x-band pulsed klystron in SXFEL. Typical specifications of the pulse transformer are peak pulse voltage 420 kV, peak pulse current 300 A, 50 Hz repetition rate and 1.5 μs flat-top pulse width. Design and optimization of pulse transformer are achieved by using equivalent circuit analytic methods and computational aided simulation. The relevant experiments show that this pulse transformer can meet the requirements of 50MW x-band klystron.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Yongfang Liu, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China

Yongfang Liu received the Ph.D. degree from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China in 2020. He is an electrical engineer with the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai. His research interests include pulsed power supply and pulsed magnet technologies, such as pulsed klystron modulators, linear transformer drivers, accelerator pulsed magnet and power supply.

Yonghua Wu, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China

Yonghua Wu was born in Anhui, China, in 1972. He is a member of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His current research interests include high-voltage switch power supply, pulsed modulator power supply, such as line-type pulse modulators and solid-state pulsed modulators.

Xiaoxuan Zhou, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China

Xiaoxuan Zhou was born in Henan, China, in 1984. He received the M.S. degree in instrument Science and technology from the China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, in 2010. His current research interests include linear high-voltage pulse modulators, solid-state pulse modulators, pulsed magnet power supply and control techniques.

Jin Tong, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China

Jin Tong graduated from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, majoring in Nuclear Technology and Application. Since graduation, he has been engaged in the design of pulse magnets and magnetic measurement systems over years, especially for special magnets used in electron beam injection and extraction systems, such as linear/nonlinear kicker magnets, eddy current septum magnets and Lambertson cutting magnets, which have been designed and researched in large scientific facilities.

References

Z. Zhao, “The SXFEL upgrade: From test facility to user facility,” Applied Sciences, vol. 12, Article no. 176, 2021.

A. Zavadtsev, D. Zavadtsev, O. Perevozchikova, and D. Churanov, “High-voltage pulse power supply system for klystron in transverse deflecting system of free-electron laser XFEL,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1686, no. 1, Article no. 012070, 2020.

J. Tan, “Design, RF measurement, tuning, and high-power test of an X-band deflector for Soft X-ray Free Electron Lasers (SXFEL) at SINAP,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 930, pp. 210-219, 2019.

A. Zavadtsev, “High-voltage pulse power supply system for klystron in transverse deflecting system of free-electron laser XFEL,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1686, no. 1, Article no. 012070, 2020.

D. Aguglia, “Klystron modulator technology challenges for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC),” IEEE Pulsed Power Conference (PPC), Chicago, IL, USA pp. 1413-1421, 2011.

Y. F. Liu, “Analysis and optimization of high-power pulse transformer for SXFEL,” Nuclear Science and Techniques vol. 30, no. 7, Article no. 109, 2019.

X. Deng, N. Liu, Y. Sun, Q. Guo, and M Zhang, “Design and analysis of a novel variable frequency transformer,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 33, no. 08, pp. 904-912, 2021.

D. Sprehn, “X-band klystron development at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,” Proceedings of SPIE 4031, Orlando, FL, USA, 2000.

S. Candolfi, “Hybrid design optimization of high voltage pulse transformers for klystron modulators,” IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 22, pp. 3617-3624, 2016.

X. Deng, K. Zheng, Y. Gu, A. Zhang, and Z. Jia, “Planar magnetic integration design based on LLC resonant converter,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 1474-1483, 2021.

S. Blume, “Design and optimization procedure for high voltage pulse power transformers,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 43, pp. 3385-3391, 2015.

S. Kashyap, “Comparison of electromagnetic response in time and frequency domains,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 17-43, 2022.

Y. Wang, “Optimal design and experimental study of pulse transformers with fast rise time and large pulse duration,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 42, pp. 300-306, 2014.

E. M. M. Costa, “Tesla transformer and its response with square wave and sinusoidal excitations,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 1035-1040, 2021.

X. Liang, “An analytical method for pulse transformer-based inductive pulsed power supply circuit,” IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 31, no. 8, Article no. 0500704, 2021.

T. Jalakas, “High-voltage pulse transformer for IOT modulators,” IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 2348-2354, 2020.

X. Chu, “A new solid-state LC-Marx generator based on saturable pulse transformer,” Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 92, no. 5, Article no. 054712, 2021.

F. Pan, “Design procedure of the leakage inductance for a pulse transformer considering winding structures,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 2504-2510, 2017.

Y. F. Liu, H. Matsumoto, M. Gu, G. Q. Li and S. Li, “Design of an Oil-Immersed Pulse Modulator for X-Band 50-MW Klystron,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 51, no. 3,pp. 802–807, 2023.

Downloads

Published

2023-09-30

How to Cite

[1]
Y. . Liu, Y. . Wu, X. . Zhou, and J. . Tong, “Design of a Pulse Transformer for X-band Klystron”, ACES Journal, vol. 38, no. 09, pp. 734–740, Sep. 2023.

Issue

2023: Vol 38 Iss 9

Section

Special Issue on ACES-China 2022 Conference