Temperature Controlled Terahertz Absorbers based on Omega Resonators
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/2023.ACES.J.380508Keywords:
multiphysics simulations, thermal controlled terahertz absorbers, thermal expansionAbstract
In this article, the structural stability of a metasurface absorber that works at 2.8 THz is analyzed. Since the absorber is made of metallic titanium, its elemental inclusions will be heated up and expand when absorbing electromagnetic waves. To evaluate the accumulated heat, the structural thermal expansion and the stability of the wave-absorbing performance, electromagnetism-thermodynamics-structural mechanics multiphysics simulations are conducted. Based on the thermal stability study, thermistors are further introduced into the metasurface, leading to two thermal controlled terahertz absorbers. Numerical experiments show that the absorbers present a peak absorption coefficient of 92.7% at 2.79 THz up to the temperature of 1761.4 K. When the temperature rises, the absorption frequencies of the two absorbers shift to 3.51 THz and 3.94 THz, with the peak absorption coefficients of 92.8% and 93.8%, respectively.
Downloads
References
Y. P. Hong, I. J. Hwang, D. J. Yun, D. J. Lee, and I. H. Lee, “Design of single-layer metasurface filter by conformational space annealing algorithm for 5G mm-wave communications,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 29764-29774, Feb. 2021.
W. L. Guo, G. M. Wang, H. P. Li, K. Zhang, and T. Cai, “Ultra-thin two-dimensional transmissive anisotropic metasurfaces for polarization filter and beam steering application,” Chinese Physics B, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 104101-104107, Oct. 2016.
Z. Zhang, Y. Zhang, T. Wu, S. Chen, W. Li, and J. Guan, “Broadband RCS reduction by a quaternionic metasurface,” Materials, vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 2787-2797, May 2021.
Y. Saifullah, F. Zhang, G. Yang, and F. Xu, “3-bit polarization insensitive reflective metasurface for RCS reduction,” The 12th International Symposium Antennas, Propagation, and EM Theory (ISAPE 2018), Hang Zhou, China, pp. 1-3, Dec.2018.
C. Huang, W. Pan, X. Ma, and X. Luo, “Wideband radar cross-section reduction of a stacked patch array antenna using metasurface,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 14, pp. 1369-1372, Dec. 2015.
T. A. Khan, J. Li, U. Raza, J. Chen, and A. Zhang, “Design of a metasurface with wide RCS reduction bandwidth,” 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall), Xiamen, China, pp. 976-982, Dec. 2019.
T. Almoneef and O. M. Ramahi, “Dual-polarized multi-band infrared energy harvesting using h-shaped metasurface absorber,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 76, pp. 1-10, Jan. 2017.
N. Muhammad, T. Fu, Q. Liu, X. Tang, Z. L. Deng, and Z. Ouyang, “Plasmonic metasurface absorber based on electro-optic substrate for energy harvesting,” Materials, vol. 11, pp. 2315-2325, Nov. 2018.
M. Bağmancı, M. Karaaslan, E. Ünal, O. Akgol, F. Karadağ, and C. Sabah, “Broad-band polarization-independent metamaterial absorber for solar energy harvesting applications,” Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, pp. 1-6, June 2021.
A. Kumar, C. Saha, and R. Sethunadh, “Dual band energy harvester based on metasurface absorber,” 2020 URSI Regional Conference on Radio Science (URSI-RCRS), Varanasi, India, pp. 1-4, Feb. 2020.
K. Zhang, Y. Wang, S. N. Burokur, and Q. Wu, “Generating dual-polarized vortex beam by detour phase: From phase gradient metasurfaces to metagratings,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 200-209, Jan. 2022.
Y. Yuan, S. Sun, Y. Chen, K. Zhang, and C. Qiu, “A fully phase-modulated metasurface as an energy-controllable circular polarization router,” Advanced Science, vol. 7, no. 18, pp. 2001437, July 2020.
X. Zhang, H. Liu, Z. Zhang, Q. Wang, and S. Zhu, “Controlling thermal emission of phonon by magnetic metasurfaces,” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-8, Feb. 2017.
J. Li, B. Yu, and S. Shen, “Scale law of far-field thermal radiation from plasmonic metasurfaces,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 124, no. 13, pp. 137401, Mar. 2020.
Y. Ueba and J. Takahara, “Spectral control of thermal radiation by metasurface with split-ring resonator,” Applied Physics Express, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 122001, Dec. 2012.
T. Niemi, A. O. Karilainen, and S. A. Tretyakov, “Synthesis of polarization transformers,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 3102-3111, June 2013.
X. X. Liu, Y. Zhao, and A. Alù, “Polarizability tensor retrieval for subwavelength particles of arbitrary shape,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 2301-2310, June 2016.
M. Yazdi and N. Komjani, “Polarizability calculation of arbitrary individual scatterers, scatterers in arrays, and substrated scatterers,” JOSA B, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 491-500, 2016.
L. Pulido-Mancera, P. T. Bowen, M. F. Imani, N. Kundtz, and D. Smith, “Polarizability extraction of complementary metamaterial elements in waveguides for aperture modeling,” Physical Review B, vol. 96, no. 23, pp. 235402-235404, Mar. 2017.
V. S. Asadchy, I. A. Faniayeu, Y. Ra’Di, S. Khakhomov, I. Semchenko, and S. Tretyakov, “Broadband reflectionless metasheets: frequency-selective transmission and perfect absorption,” Physical Review X, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 031005-031007, July 2015.
A. Balmakou, M. Podalov, S. Khakhomov, D. Stavenga, and I. Semchenko, “Ground-plane-less bidirectional terahertz absorber based on omega resonators,” Optics Letters, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 2084-2087, Sep. 2015.
C. M. Watts, D. Shrekenhamer, J. Montoya, G. Lipworth, J. Hunt, and T. Sleasman, “Terahertz compressive imaging with metamaterial spatial light modulators,” Nature Photonics, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 605-609, Aug. 2014.
M. Gustafsson, I. Vakili, S. E. B. Keskin, D. Sjoberg, and C. Larsson, “Optical theorem and forward scattering sum rule for periodic structures,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 3818-3826, Aug. 2012.
K. N. Rozanov, “Ultimate thickness to bandwidth ratio of radar absorbers,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 1230-1234, Aug. 2000.
H. Liu, J. Lu, and X. R. Wang, “Metamaterials based on the phase transition of VO2,” Nanotechnology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 024002-024003, Jan. 2017.
A. M. Shaltout, V. M. Shalaev, and M. L. Brongersma, “Spatiotemporal light control with active metasurfaces,” Science, vol. 364, pp. 648-657, May 2019.
F. Zhao, “Present state of art of polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam research,” Aerospace Materials and Technology, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2008.
J. Li and J. Dho, “Characteristics of phase transition of VO2 films grown on TiO2 substrates with different crystal orientations,” Journal of Crystal Growth, vol. 404, pp. 84-88, July 2014.