Design of a Miniaturized Symmetrical E-shaped MIMO Antenna with Low Coupling
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/2024.ACES.J.391203Keywords:
E-shaped patch, high isolation, metamaterial (MTM), MIMO antenna array, miniaturizationAbstract
In order to meet the demand of contemporary 5G mobile communication for miniaturized MIMO antenna systems, this paper proposes a symmetric E-shaped patch antenna. It is mainly realized by digging out the simple rectangular radiation patch, and etching four rectangular slots at the ground plane to widen the working bandwidth. The overall size of the antenna is 20 mm × 40 mm. However, there is current mutual coupling between the two radiation patches closely arranged up and down, which greatly affects the radiation effect of the antenna. Therefore, in order to reduce the coupling degree between each other, a 1 × 3 metamaterial (MTM) array structure is added between the two patches, in which the structure of the MTM unit is similar to a “concave” character. Simulation and real measurement of antennas using 3D electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and vector network analyzer, and the test results show that the proposed antenna is S11 <-10 dB in 5.32-6.02 GHz (relative bandwidth of 12.35%), the isolation degree S21 is above -18 dB throughout the operating frequency band, and the overall Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.02 in the working band, which further confirms that the designed MIMO antenna has good isolation. The radiation pattern of the antenna is good, which is suitable for the basic requirements of 5G WLAN band.
Downloads
References
G. J. Foschini, “Layered space-time architecture for wireless communication in a fading environment when using multi-element antennas,” Bell Labs Technical Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 41–59, 1996.
A. J. Paulraj, D. A. Gore, R. U. Nabar, and H. Bolcskei, “An overview of MIMO communications - a key to gigabit wireless,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 198–218, 2004.
J. Kulkarni, A. Desai, and C. Y. D. Sim, “Wideband Four-port MIMO antenna array with high isolation for future wireless systems,” AEU: Archiv fur Elektronik und Ubertragungstechnik: Electronic and Communication, vol. 128, p. 153507, 2021.
T. Jiang, T. Jiao, and Y. Li, “Array mutual coupling reduction using L-loading E-shaped electromagnetic band gap structures,” International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2016, no. pt.2, pp. 6731014.1–6731014.9, 2016.
Y. Q. Zheng and M. Gao, “A wideband back-to-back U-shaped monopole antenna,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 1815–1820, 2019.
A. G. Koutinos, D. E. Anagnostou, R. Joshi, S. K. Podilchak, G. A. Kyriacou, and M. T. Chryssomallis, “Modified easy to fabricate E-shaped compact patch antenna with wideband and multiband functionality,” IET Microwaves Antennas & Propagation, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 326–331, 2017.
K. Yu, Y. Li, X. Luo, and X. Liu, “A modified E-shaped triple-band patch antenna for LTE communication applications,” in IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, pp. 295–296, 2016.
H. Cao, Y. Z. Xie, and Y. Y. Wu, “A miniaturized MIMO antenna with polarization converter for reduction of RCS and mutual coupling,” in 2024 IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS), 2024.
A. A. Khan, S. A. Naqvi, M. S. Khan, and B. Ijaz, “Quad port miniaturized MIMO antenna for UWB 11 GHz and 13 GHz frequency bands,” AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, p. 153618, 2021.
L. Liu, S. W. Cheung, and T. I. Yuk, “Compact MIMO antenna for portable devices in UWB applications,” IEEE Transactionson Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 4257–4264, 2013.
W. J. Liao, S. H. Chang, J. T. Yeh, and B. R. Hsiao, “Compact dual-band WLAN diversity antennas on USB dongle platform,” IEEE Transactionson Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 109–118, 2014.
G. Saxena, P. Jain, and Y. K. Awasthi, “High isolation EBG based MIMO antenna for X-band applications,” 2019 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), pp. 97–100, 2019.
M. F. Ismail, M. K. A. Rahim, N. A. Samsuri, N. A. Murad, and A. A. Pramudita, “High isolation MIMO antenna using electromagnetic band gap - EBG structure,” 2021 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), pp. 1–2, 2021.
M. A. Abdalla and A. A. Ibrahim, “Compact and closely spaced metamaterial MIMO antenna with high isolation for wireless applications,” IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 12, pp. 1452–1455, 2013.
B. A. F. Esmail and M. SlawomiKoziel, “Design and optimization of metamaterial-based dual-band 28/38 GHz 5G MIMO antenna with modified ground for isolation and bandwidth improvement,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 22, pp. 1069–1073, 2023.
C. Abdelhamid, M. Daghari, H. Sakli, and C. Hamrouni, “High isolation with metamaterial improvement in a compact UWB MIMO multi-antennas,” in 2019 16th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD), Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 514-517, 2019.
X. Zheng, T. Jiang, H. Lu, and Y. Wang, “Double-layer microstrip band stop filters etching periodic ring electromagnetic band gap structures,” Electronics, vol. 9, no. 8, p. 1216, 2020.
X. Zheng and T. Jiang, “Triple notches bandstop microstrip filter based on archimedean spiral electromagnetic bandgap structure,” Electronics, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 964–, 2019.
X. Chen, T. M. Grzegorczyk, B. I. Wu, J. Pacheco, and J. A. Kong, “Robust method to retrieve the constitutive effective parameters of metamaterials,” Physical Review E, vol. 70, 2004.
A. B. Numan and M. S. Sharawi, “Extraction of material parameters for metamaterials using a full-wave simulator [Education Column],” IEEE Antennas & Propagation Magazine, vol. 55, pp. 202–211, 2013.
W. Li, W. Xue, and Y. Li, “A wideband Zhong-shaped MIMO antenna,” 2021 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition (iWEM), pp. 1–2, 2021.
J. Jianfeng, “Design and research of wideband MIMO antenna based on meta-materials,” Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, pp. 43–56, 2021.
R. Kumar, N. Nasimuddin, and R. K. Chaudhary, “A new dual C-shaped rectangular dielectric resonator based antenna for wideband circularly polarized radiation,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. e21672.1–e21672.12, 2019.
Z. Niu and H. Zhang, “Isolation enhancement in Chinese character antenna array using simple defect ground structure,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer‐Aided Engineering, vol. 29, no. 11, 2019.
S. Luo, Y. Li, and X. Mao, “Isolation enhancement of a two-element MIMO antenna array using rotated E-shaped resonators,” in 2017 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - FALL), pp. 262–265, 2018.
X. M. Yang, X. G. Liu, X. Y. Zhou, and T. J. Cui, “Reduction of mutual coupling between closely packed patch antennas using waveguided metamaterials,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 11, pp. 389–391, 2012.
