Element Failure Correction for Conformal Antenna Array Using Pre-tuned Non-Dominated Particle Swarm Optimization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/2024.ACES.J.400804Keywords:
Beamforming, conformal array, PSO, sidelobe levelAbstract
This paper presents an enhanced pre-tuned particle swarm optimization (PT-PSO) algorithm for fault compensation in conformal array antennas, addressing both complete element failures and faulty phase shifters. Unlike conventional PSO, which initializes particles randomly across the entire search space (often requiring more iterations and risking local minima), PT-PSO introduces a pre-tuning mechanism that arranges initial amplitudes and phases to guide convergence. Combined with non-dominated sorting, this approach improves multi-objective optimization efficiency by reducing the search space and minimizing local minima, enabling rapid convergence to near-optimal excitation weights. To validate its effectiveness, a 1x8 X-band cylindrical conformal patch array was designed and simulated in HFSS. Results show that PT-PSO successfully restores first sidelobe levels (FSLL) and peak gain under both complete and partial failure scenarios, ensuring accurate pattern recovery. Compared to non-dominated PSO and convex optimization, PT-PSO achieves similar pattern quality with significantly lower computational complexity. The proposed method is particularly applicable to radar and wireless communication systems, where maintaining beam integrity under hardware faults is critical.
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