An Efficient MMA-PMA-CBFM for Solving Partial Modification Electromagnetic Scattering Problems

Authors

  • Ziang Shen College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
  • Xiaoxing Fang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Xinlei Chen College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
  • Zhuo Li College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/2026.ACES.J.410502

Keywords:

characteristic basis function method (CBFM), mesh modification algorithm (MMA), partial modification algorithm (PMA)

Abstract

This paper proposes an efficient algorithm for analyzing electrically large targets after partial modification. After solving the original model using the characteristic basis function method (CBFM), the mesh modification algorithm (MMA) is employed to modify the mesh according to requirements. Subsequently, in the CBFM blocks, only the characteristic basis functions (CBFs) associated with the affected blocks need to be regenerated, and the corresponding data in the reduced matrix are updated to rapidly obtain the solution of the new model by using the partial modification algorithm (PMA). Numerical examples validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, demonstrating its potential for practical engineering applications.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Ziang Shen, College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

Ziang Shen received his Bachelor’s degree in 2017 and his Master’s degree in 2020 from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China, and is presently pursuing the Ph.D. degree. His research focuses on the high-performance computational electromagnetics, specifically the frequency-domain, time-domain, and high-frequency asymptotic algorithms.

Xiaoxing Fang, School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Xiaoxing Fang, Ph.D., Associate Professor, graduated from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, China, in 2021. He joined the School of Electronic and Information Engineering at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology in June 2021. His research focuses on computational electromagnetics, electromagnetic metamaterials and machine learning, and electromagnetic compatibility.

Xinlei Chen, College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

Xinlei Chen received his Ph.D. degree from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2015. Currently, he is an Associate Professor at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. He has published over 80 papers in journals and conferences, including IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation and IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagation Letters. His research interests include integral equation methods in electromagnetic problems.

Zhuo Li, College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

Zhuo Li received his B.Sc. degree in electronic engineering and his M.E. degree in electromagnetic fields and microwave techniques from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 2001 and 2004, respectively, and his Ph.D. degree in radio engineering from the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, in 2009. From 2015 to 2016, he was a Visiting Scholar with the Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. He is currently a Full Professor with the College of Electronic and Information Engineering in NUAA. He has authored or co-authored over 160 papers in refereed journals and conference proceedings, including Advanced Science, Advanced Optical Materials, Nano Letters, Physical Review Applied, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, and IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility. He has filed more than 30 patents. His current research interests include plasmonic metamaterials, MHz-through-THz technologies and transceivers for wireless sensors and biomedical applications, electromagnetic compatibility in avionics system and auto electrical system. He is also interested in the modeling and design of microwave and terahertz photonic circuits and systems.

Li is a Senior Member of Chinese Institute of Electronics and a Committee Member of Antenna Branch of Chinese Institute of Electronics. He received the Second Prize of Natural Science of China Institute of Electronics in 2019 and the NUAA Outstanding Undergraduate Teaching Promotion Award in 2019. He is on the Advisory Board for Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics and on the Review Board for many international journals including Advanced Materials, ACS Photonics, Nanotechnology, Nano-Micro Letters, IEEE T-MTT, IEEE T-AP, and IEEE T-EMC. He also served as the Invited Speaker and Session Chair in many international conferences and workshops.

References

V. Prakash and R. Mittra, “Characteristic basis function method: A new technique for efficient solution of method of moments matrix equation,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 95–100, 2003.

R. Mittra, G. Bianconi, C. Pelletti, K. Du, S. Genovesi, and A. Monorchio, “A computationally efficient technique for prototyping planar antennas and printed circuits for wireless applications,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 100, no. 7, pp. 2122–2131, 2012.

E. Lucente, A. Monorchio, and R. Mittra, “An iteration-free MoM approach based on excitation independent characteristic basis functions for solving large method of moments problems,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 999–1007, 2008.

R. F. Harrington, Field Computation by Moment Methods. New York: MacMillan, 1968.

W. C. Gibson, The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007.

K. Zhao, M. N. Vouvakis, and J.-F. Lee, “The adaptive cross approximation algorithm for accelerated method of moments computations of EMC,” IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 763–773, 2005.

J. M. Tamayo, A. Heldring, and J. M. Rius, “Multilevel adaptive cross approximation (MLACA),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 4600–4608, Dec. 2011.

R. Kastner, “An ‘add-on’ method for the analysis of scattering from large planar structures,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 353–361, Mar. 1989.

R. Kastner, “Analysis of microstrip antenna structures using the ‘add-on’ technique,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 114–117, Jan. 1990.

R. Kastner, “On matrix partitioning, the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury technique and the add-on method,” AP-S Int. Symp. Dig., vol. 1, pp. 15–18, June 1989.

W. Hager, “Updating the inverse of a matrix,” SIAM Rev., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 221–239, 1989.

X. Chen, C. Gu, Y. Zhang, and R. Mittra, “Analysis of partial geometry modification problems using the partitioned-inverse formula and Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula-based method,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 5425–5431, 2018.

Z. Peng, K. H. Lim, and J. F. Lee, “A discontinuous Galerkin surface integral equation method for electromagnetic wave scattering from nonpenetrable targets,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 7, pp. 3617–3628, 2013.

Y. Su, R. Mittra, and W. Sheng, “Analysis of scattering from multi-scale and multiple targets using characteristic basis function (CBFM) and integral equation discontinuous Galerkin (IEDG) methods,” J. Electromagn. Waves Applicat., vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 969–980, 2017.

X. J. Li, Z. A. Shen, X. L. Chen, and C. Q. Gu, “Analysis of partial modification problems using integral equation discontinuous Galerkin with mesh modification algorithm,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1948–1952, 2021.

J. Laviada, J. G. Meana, M. R. Pino, and F. Las-Heras, “Analysis of partial modifications on electrically large bodies via characteristic basis functions,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 9, pp. 834–837, 2010.

X. L. Chen, C. Q. Gu, Z. Y. Niu, and Z. Li, “Direct solution of electromagnetic scattering using CBFM with ACA algorithm,” in ISAPE2012, Xi’an, China, pp. 1021–1025, 2012.

X. L. Chen, C. Q. Gu, Z. Li, and Z. Y. Niu, “Efficient iterative solution of electromagnetic scattering using adaptive cross approximation enhanced characteristic basis function method,” IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 217–223, 2015.

V. Havran. Heuristic Ray Shooting Algorithms. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, 2000.

Downloads

Published

2026-09-19

How to Cite

[1]
Z. Shen, X. Fang, X. Chen, and Z. Li, “An Efficient MMA-PMA-CBFM for Solving Partial Modification Electromagnetic Scattering Problems”, ACES Journal, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 398–405, Sep. 2026.

Issue

2026: Vol 41 Iss 5

Section

General Submission

Categories