Arbitrary Shaped Objects Detection and Reconstruction through Overset Grid Generation Method with B2-spline Interpolation in Forward-Backward Time-Stepping Inverse Scattering

Authors

  • Bong S. Wee 1 Applied Electromagnetic Research Group, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, Malaysia, 2 Department of Electrical Engineering Politeknik Mukah, Mukah, 96400, Malaysia
  • Kismet A. H. Ping Applied Electromagnetic Research Group, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, Malaysia
  • Shafrida Sahrani Applied Electromagnetic Research Group, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, Malaysia
  • Toshifumi Moriyama Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

Keywords:

B2-spline interpolation, buried object detection, inverse scattering problem, overset grid generation method

Abstract

Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is a simple and powerful tool used to solve electromagnetic (EM) problems. However, the drawbacks of FDTD method are difficult to model the curved boundaries and small features due to its restriction to inherent orthogonal grids. We have previously proposed that the B2-spline or biquadratic spline interpolation technique for Overset Grid Generation and Finite- Difference Time-Domain (OGG-FDTD) method be utilised to overcome the limitations of FDTD method. This proposed method has the ability to accurately measure a scattered field around an unknown object. In this paper, the OGG-FDTD method with B2-spline interpolation in Forward-Backward Time-Stepping (FBTS) inverse scattering technique was proposed for the detection and reconstruction of arbitrary shaped objects in Case A and malignant breast tumour detection in Case B. The results showed that the Mean Square Error (MSE) of reconstructed dielectric profiles by using the proposed method has achieved significantly lower values than the FDTD method in FBTS. In Case A, the accuracy difference between the two methods was 26.67% for relative permittivity and 27.63% for conductivity, respectively. In Case B, it was found that the implementation of the proposed method increased the accuracy of reconstructed the relative permittivity image by 50.54%, and conductivity by 74.42% as compared to the FDTD method in FBTS technique. Furthermore, the values of normalised error function for the proposed method were also lower than the FDTD method in FBTS. Hence, it is proven that this numerical method can provide clearer and better reconstructed images to improve the quality of retrieve the dielectric profiles of the investigation area.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

E. R. Almeida, J. L. Porsani, I. Catapano, G. Gennarelli, and F. Soldovieri, “GPR data analysis enhanced by microwave tomography for forensic archaeology,” in 15th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), IEEE, 2014.

R. Persico, G. Pochanin, V. Ruban, A. Orlenko, I. Catapano, and F. Soldovieri, “Performances of a microwave tomographic algorithm for GPR systems working in differential configuration,” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1343-1356, 2016.

A. Fedeli, M. Pastorino, and A. Randazzo, “A twostep multifrequency imaging technique for ground penetrating radar,” in 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), IEEE, 2016.

C. Estatico, A. Fedeli, M. Pastorino, and A. Randazzo, “Buried object detection by means of a Lp Banach-space inversion procedure,” Radio Science, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 41-51, 2015.

P. M. Ibrahim, K. A. H. Ping, N. S. Wei, Y. Guang, N. Rajaee, and M. Anyi, “Elliptic filter and iterative inversion method for buried object detection applications,” Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 833, p. 164, 2016.

S. A. Shah, Z. Zhang, A. Ren, N. Zhao, X. Yang, W. Zhao, J. Yang, J. Zhao, W. Sun, and Y. Hao, “Buried object sensing considering curved pipeline,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2017.

M. Benedetti, M. Donelli, A. Martini, M. Pastorino, A. Rosani, and A. Massa, “An innovative microwave-imaging technique for nondestructive evaluation: Applications to civil structures monitoring and biological bodies inspection,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 1878-1884, 2006.

S. Kharkovsky and R. Zoughi, “Microwave and millimeter wave nondestructive testing and evaluation-Overview and recent advances,” IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 26-38, 2007.

Y. Deng and X. Liu, “Electromagnetic imaging methods for nondestructive evaluation applications,” Sensors, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 11774-11808, 2011.

D. W. Winters, J. D. Shea, P. Kosmas, B. D. Van Veen, and S. C. Hagness, “Three-dimensional microwave breast imaging: Dispersive dielectric properties estimation using patient-specific basis functions,” IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 969-981, 2009.

M. A. Elizabeth, K. A. H. Ping, N. B. Rajaee, and T. Moriyama, “Chebyshev filter applied to an inversion technique for breast tumour detection,” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 210-218, 2015.

E. Porter, M. Coates, and M. Popović, “An early clinical study of time-domain microwave radar for breast health monitoring,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 530- 539, 2016.

S. Vemulapalli, Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Microwave Imaging via Space-Frequency Algorithm, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2017.

Q. Dong and C. M. Rappaport, “Microwave subsurface imaging using direct finite-difference frequency-domain-based inversion,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 3664-3670, 2009.

C. Bardak and M. Saed, “Microwave imaging with a time-reversed finite-difference time-domain technique,” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1455-1467, 2014.

F. Cakoni, D. Colton, and P. Monk, “Qualitative methods in inverse electromagnetic scattering theory: Inverse scattering for anisotropic media,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 24-33, 2017.

W. Perry, “On the Bojarski-Lewis inverse scattering method,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 826-829, 1974.

M. Erramshetty and A. Bhattacharya, “Shape reconstruction of dielectric and conducting objects using Linear Sampling Method and limitations,” in 2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (AP-RASC), IEEE, 2019.

I. Rekanos, “Time-domain inverse scattering using Lagrange multipliers: An iterative FDTD-based optimization technique,” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 271-289, 2003.

T. Takenaka, H. Jia, and T. Tanaka, “Microwave imaging of electrical property distributions by a Foward-Backward Time-Stepping method,” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 14, pp. 1609-1626, 2015.

K. S. Yee, “Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell’s in isotropic media,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 302-307, 1966.

J. B. Schneide, Understanding the FiniteDifference Time-Domain Method, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, 2016.

R. Nilavalan, I. J. Craddock, and C. J. Railton, “Quantifying numerical dispersion in nonorthogonal FDTD meshes,” IEE ProceedingsMicrowaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 149, no. 1, pp. 23-27, 2002.

E. Jiménez-Mejía and J. Herrera-Murcia, “Validation of a non-uniform meshing algorithm for the 3D-FDTD method by means of a two-wire crosstalk experimental set-up,” Ingeniería e Investigación, vol. 35, pp. 98-103, 2015.

C. Xu, Z. Deng, R. Xiong, and F. Deng, “Time-step program for the sub-cell FDTD modeling of apertures with finite depth,” International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 255-262, 2015.

Z. Yang and E. L. Tan, “Stability analyses of nonuniform time-step schemes for ADI- and LODFDTD methods,” in Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM), IEEE International Conference on, 2017.

M. R. Cabello, L. D. Angulo, J. Alvarez, I. D. Flintoft, S. Bourke, J. F. Dawson, R. G. Martín, and S. G. Garcia, “A hybrid Crank-Nicolson FDTD subgridding boundary condition for lossy thinlayer modelling,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1397-1406, 2017.

C. A. De Moura and C. S. Kubrusly, “The CourantFriedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition,” Commun. Pure Appl. Math, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 363-371, 2013.

B. S. Wee, S. Sahrani, and K. A. H. Ping, “B2-spline interpolation technique for overset grid generation and finite-difference time-domain method,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 86, pp. 177-190, 2018.

J. Nawawi, S. S Sahrani, K. A. H. Ping, D. A. A. Mat, and D. N. A. Zaidel, “Iterative refinement in inverse scattering technique with median filter,” in 2016 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE), 2016.

E. J. Joseph, K. A. H. Ping, K. Kipli, D. A. A. Mat, S. Sahrani, D. N. A. Zaidel, M. I. Sariphn, and M. H. Marhaban, “Integration of image segmentation method in inverse scattering for brain tumour detection,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 61, pp. 111-122, 2017.

M. Sonnenschein and C. Waldherr, “BI-RADS reporting for breast tomosynthesis (3D-mammography),” in Atlas of Breast Tomosynthesis, Springer, pp. 7-57, 2017.

Downloads

Published

2020-03-01

How to Cite

[1]
Bong S. Wee, Kismet A. H. Ping, Shafrida Sahrani, and Toshifumi Moriyama, “Arbitrary Shaped Objects Detection and Reconstruction through Overset Grid Generation Method with B2-spline Interpolation in Forward-Backward Time-Stepping Inverse Scattering”, ACES Journal, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 295–304, Mar. 2020.

Issue

Section

Articles