Electrical Characterization of Concrete Using the Parallel Plate Capacitor Method
Keywords:
Electromagnetic compatibility, materials testing, numerical simulation, shieldingAbstract
This article describes the measurement of the complex dielectric constant of pure concrete and a brick wall, in the frequency range up to 2 MHz, with a view towards more accurate material description in electromagnetic simulations. The measurement system is based on the use of the materials under test as the dielectric material placed inside a parallel plate capacitor, in series with an external known fixed resistor. The theory behind the measurement is covered, and the results of both real and imaginary relative dielectric constants for both materials are presented. Finally, an electromagnetic simulation showing the shielding effectiveness of a hollow box made of a brick wall is presented, using the measured data in comparison with data from a commercial simulator database.
Downloads
References
J. Kato, H. Kawano, T. Tominaga, and S. Kuramoto, “Investigation of lightning surge current induced in reinforced concrete buildings by direct strikes,” 2001 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, pp. 1009-1014, 2001.
J. Chen, B. Zhou, F. Zhao, and S. Qiu, “Finitedifference time-domain analysis of the electromagnetic environment in a reinforced concrete structure when struck by lightning,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 914-920, Nov. 2010.
IEEE 299-2006 - IEEE Standard Method for Measuring the Effectiveness of Electromagnetic Shielding Enclosure, 2006.
S. Pennesi and S. Sebastiani, “Information security and emissions control,” 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, pp. 777-781, 2005.
H. Seikiguchi and S. Seto, “Study on maximum receivable distance for radiated emission of information technology equipment causing information leakage,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 547-554, June 2003.
X. Hui, L. Bangyu, X. Shaobo, and F. Hongzhuan, “The measurement of dielectric constant of the concrete using single-frequency CW radar,” First International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems, pp. 588-591, 2008.
G. Villain, A. Ihamouten, and X. Dérobert, “Use of frequency power law to link the results of two testing methods for the characterization of humid concretes,” 2011 6th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetration Radar (IWAGPR), pp. 1-5, 2011.
C. A. Grosvenor, R. T. Johnk, J. Barker-Jarvis, M. D. Janezic, and B. Riddle, “Time-domain freefield measurements of the relative permittivity of building materials,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurements, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2275-2282, July 2009.
S. Ji-tong, G. Xiu-jun, Z. Xiao-wei, “Research on dielectric properties of asphalt concrete with GPR,” 2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetration Radar (GPR), pp. 542-545, 2012.
Z. Yanhui, Z. Bei, S. Wenbo, and W. Tao, “Experimental research on relationships between dielectric constant of cement concrete materials and measuring frequency,” 2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), pp. 403-406, 2012.
S. Lihua, X. Qiwei, C. Bin, and G. Cheng, “Measurement of the frequency-dependent dielectric constant of concrete materials by TDR and wavelet modeling method,” CEEM 2003 Asia-Pacific Conference on Environmental Electromagnetics, pp. 626-629, 2003.
J. G. Webster, The Measurement, Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook (Electrical Engineering Handbook). CRC Press, pp. 1402-1413, 1998.
A. V. Hippel, Dielectric Materials and Applications. MIT Technology Press and John Wiley & Sons, pp. 47-63, 1954.
S. Pfeifer, S. H. Park, and P. R. Bandary, “Modeling the relative dielectric permittivity and impedance of carbon nanotube constituted polymer composites in the sub-GHz regime,” ECS Solid State Letters, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. M5-M7, Oct. 2012.
X. Jin and M. Ali, “Simple empirical formulas to estimate the dielectric constant and conductivity of concrete,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 386-390, Feb. 2019.
M. N. O. Sadiku, Numerical Techniques in Electromagnetics. CRC Press, pp. 274-336, 2001.
J. J. von Tonder and U. Jakobs, “Fast multipole solution of metallic and dielectric scattering problems in FEKO,” IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applied Computational Electromagnetics, 2005.
