Air Gap Effect on Antenna Characteristics of Slitline and Stripline Dipoles on an Extended Hemispherical Lens Substrate
Keywords:
Air gap, extended hemispherical lens, leaky lens, slitline dipole, stripline dipoleAbstract
This paper presents the effect of an air gap introduced between a planar feed and an extended hemispherical lens on the antenna’s impedance, current distribution and radiation characteristics. Two selected planar feeds for study are slitline dipole and stripline dipole. The results showed that as a small gap is introduced, the input impedance of the slitline dipole was almost remained unchanged while that of the stripline dipole was changed remarkably. More importantly, the boresight gain and radiation efficiency of the slitline dipole was improved whereas those of the stripline dipole were degraded with the presence of this air gap. An overall performance comparison for these two designs will be detailed in the paper. This study provides useful guidelines of choosing the proper feed for THz integrated lens antenna applications, especially for indoor THz communication applications such as wireless local area networks and wireless personal area networks in the 300 GHz band.
Downloads
References
D. F. Filippovic, S. S. Gearhart, and G. M. Rebeiz, “Double slot on extended hemispherical and elliptical silicon dielectric lenses,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1738- 1749, Oct. 1993.
A. Neto, D. Pasqualini, A. Toccafondi, and S. Maci, “Mutual coupling between slots under an elliptical dielectric lens,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 647-650, Oct. 1999.
M. J.M. van der Vorst, P. J. I. de Maagt, A. Neto, A. L. Reynolds, R. M. Heeres, W. Luinge, and M. H. A. J. Herben, “Effect of internal reflections on the radiation properties and input impedance of integrated lens antennas-comparison between theory and measurements,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 49, no. 6, pt. 1, pp. 1118-1125, June 2001.
X. Wu, G. Eleftheriades, and T. E. van DeventerPerkins, “Design and characterization of single and multiple beam MM-wave circularly polarized substrate lens antennas for wireless communications,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 49, no. 3, Mar. 2001.
A. D. Semenov, H. Richter, H.-W. Hubers, B. Gunther, A. Smirnov, K. S. Il’in, M. Siegel, and J. P. Karamarkovic, “Terahertz performance of integrated lens antennas with a hot-electron bolometer,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 55, no. 2, pt. 1, pp. 239-247, Feb. 2007.
A. V. Boriskin, G. Godi, R. Sauleau, and A. I. Nosich, “Small hemielliptic dielectric lens antenna analysis in 2-D: Boundary integral equations versus geometrical and physical optics,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 485- 492, Feb. 2008.
A. V. Boriskin, R. Sauleau, and A. I. Nosich, “Performance of hemielliptic dielectric lens antennas with optimal edge illumination,” IEEE Trans. Antenn Propag., vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 2193- 2198, July 2009.
G. Chattopadhyay, M. Alonso-delPino, N. Chahat, D. González-Ovejero, C. Lee, and T. Reck, “Terahertz antennas and feed,” In: Boriskin A., Sauleau R. (eds), Aperture Antennas for Millimeter and Sub-Millimeter Wave Applications. Signals and Communication Technology, Springer, Cham, 2018.
C. Caglayan, G. C. Trichopoulos, and K. Sertel, “Hybrid electromagnetic modeling of lensintegrated antennas for noncontact on-wafer characterization of THz devices and integrated circuits,” ACES Express Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 72-75, 2016.
H. Hashiguchi, K. Kondo, T. Baba, and H. Arai, “An optical leaky wave antenna by a waffled structure,” J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 35, no. 11, pp. 2273-2279, 2017.
K. Konstantinidis, A. P. Feresidis, C. C. Constantinou, E. Hoare, M. Gashinova, M. J. Lancaster, and P. Gardner, “Low-THz dielectric lens antenna with integrated waveguide feed,” IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol., vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 572-581, 2017.
I. Woo, T. K. Nguyen, H. Han, H. Lim, and I. Park, “Four-leaf-clover-shaped antenna for a THz photomixer,” Opt. Express, vol. 18, no. 18, 18532- 18542, Aug. 2010.
T. K. Nguyen, S. Kim, F. Rotermund, and I. Park, “Design of a wideband continuous-wave photomixer antenna for terahertz wireless communication systems,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 976-988, Apr. 2014.
T. K. Nguyen, F. Rotermund, and I. Park, “A traveling-wave stripline dipole antenna on a substrate lens at terahertz frequency,” Curr. Appl. Phys., vol. 14, pp. 998-1004, May 2014.
T. K. Nguyen, S. Kim, and I. Park, “Impact of varying the DC bias stripline connection angle on terahertz coplanar stripline dipole antenna characteristics,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 27, no. 14, pp. 1725-1734, 2013.
A. Neto, “UWB, non-dispersive radiation from the planarly fed leaky lens antenna–Part 1 theory and design,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2238-2247, 2010.
N. Llombart, G. Chattopadhyay, A. Skalare, and I. Mehdi, “Novel terahertz antenna based on a silicon lens fed by a leaky wave enhanced waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 2160-2168, 2011.
N. Llombart and A. Neto, “THz time-domain sensing: the antenna dispersion problem and a possible solution,” IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 416-423, 2012.
D. Cavallo and A. Neto, “A connected array of slots supporting broadband leaky waves,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1986- 1994, 2013.
A. Neto, N. Llombart, J. Baselmans, A. Baryshev, and S. J. C. Yates, “Demonstration of the leaky lens antenna at sub-millimeter wavelengths,” IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 26- 32, 2014.
Y. Wang, A. S. Helmy, and G. V. Eleftheriades, “Ultra-optical leaky-wave slot antennas,” Opt. Exp., vol. 19, no. 13, pp.12392-12401, 2011.
F. Tokan, “Optimization-based matching layer design for broadband dielectric lens antennas,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 499-507, 2014.
CST Microwave Studio, CST GmbH, 2016. http://www.cst.com
L. Luan, P. R. Sievert, and J. B. Ketterson, “Nearfield and far-field electric dipole radiation in the vicinity of a planar dielectric half space,” New Journal of Physics, vol. 8, pp. 1-11, 2006.
O. Yurduseven, N. L. Juan, and A. Neto, “A dualpolarized leaky lens antenna for wideband focal plane arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag., vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3330-3337, 2016.
