Multi-Beamformer with Adjustable Gain: Projection Approach
Keywords:
Antenna array, array manifold, beam forming, linear space, orthogonal projectionAbstract
In this paper, a new multi-beam forming approach is presented. First, we divide the steering vectors into two parts. The first part is the beam vector space. The second part is the side lobe vector space. Given that the inner product of two orthogonal vectors is zero, to minimize the gains of the side lobes, the excitation vector of the antenna array elements has to be placed in the orthogonal projection matrix of the side lobe vector space. Then, we obtain a vector by linearly combining the beam vectors and orthogonally projecting the combined vector into the orthogonal projection matrix of the side lobe vector space, and this projection vector is just the solution of the excitation vector of the antenna array elements. Since the combined vector is the linear combination of the beam vectors, we can control the beam gain by adjusting the linear combination coefficients. This new method can be easily used to form multi-beams and adjust each beam gain. The results of simulations show, that the new method acts effectively and efficiently.
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