Far-Field Synthesis of Sparse Arrays with Cross-polar Pattern Reduction
Keywords:
Co-polar and cross-polar patterns, farfield synthesis, geometrical synthesis, sparse arraysAbstract
This paper presents a fully deterministic iterative algorithm for the far-field synthesis of antenna arrays with reduction of the cross-polar component. The algorithm synthesizes the excitations as well as the positions of the array elements, providing a sparse geometry. Starting from an initial set of possible positions, the proposed algorithm iteratively solves a sequence of convex optimization problems. At each iteration a suitable objective function is minimized, which allows to reduce the number of radiating elements, among those of the initial set, in presence of constraints on the far-field co-polar and cross-polar patterns. The adopted formulation leads to a second order cone problem (SOCP), which is iteratively solved with CVX, a Matlab-based modeling system developed at the Stanford University and available on the Internet.
Downloads
References
C. A. Balanis, Modern Antenna Handbook, John Wiley and Sons, 2008.
A. D. Bresler, “A new algorithm for calculating the current distribution of Dolph-Chebyshev arrays,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 28, pp. 951-952, Nov. 1980.
A. T. Villeneuve, “Taylor patterns for dicrete arrays,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 32, pp. 1089-1093, Oct. 1984.
S. W. Autrey, “Approximate synthesis of nonseparable design responses for rectangular arrays,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 35, pp. 907-912, Aug. 1987.
R. Vescovo, “Constrained and unconstrained synthesis of array factor for circular arrays,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 1405-1410, Dec. 1995.
T. T. Taylor, “Design of circular apertures for narrow beamwidths and low side lobes,” Trans. IRE, vol. 8, pp. 17-22, Jan. 1960.
G. Buttazzoni and R. Vescovo, “An efficient and versatile technique for the synthesis of 3D copolar and crosspolar patterns of phase-only reconfigurable conformal arrays with DRR and near-field control,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 1640-1651, Apr. 2014.
L. I. Vaskelainen, “Constrained least-squares optimization in conformal array antenna synthesis,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 859-867, Mar. 2007.
G. Buttazzoni and R. Vescovo, “Deterministic and stochastic approach to the synthesis of conformal arrays for SAR applications,” Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), 2013 International Conference on, pp. 520-523, Sept. 9-13, 2013.
J. M. Johnson and Y. Rahmat-Samii, “Genetic algorithms in electromagnetics,” IEEE Antennas Propag. Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 7-21, Aug. 1997.
J. L. Araque Quijano, M. Righero, and G. Vecchi, “Sparse 2-D array placement for arbitrary pattern mask and with excitation constraints: a simple deterministic approach,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 1652- 1662, Apr. 2014.
V. Murino, A. Trucco, and C. S. Regazzoni, “Synthesis of unequally spaced arrays by simulated annealing,” Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 119-122, Jan. 1996.
B. Fuchs, “Synthesis of sparse arrays with focused or shaped beampattern via sequential convex optimizations,” Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 3499-3503, Jul. 2012.
E. J. Candés, M. B. Wakin, and S. P. Boyd, “Enhancing sparsity by reweighted l1 minimization,” J. Fourier Analy. Appl., vol. 14, pp. 877-905, Dec. 2008.
G. Buttazzoni and R. Vescovo, “Synthesis of copolar and cross-polar patterns with dynamic range ratio reduction for phase-only reconfigurable arrays,” Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2012 6th European Conference on, pp. 2623-2627, Mar. 26-30, 2012.
R. Vescovo, “Power pattern synthesis for antenna arrays with null constraints in the near-field region,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 542-545, Mar. 2005.
CVX, [Online]. Available at: http://cvxr.com/cvx/ download/
