A Model for the State of Charge of a Battery Connected to a Wind Power Plant Under a Ramp Rate Limitation Regime
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/jrss0974-8024.1522Keywords:
integral equation, Markov model, battery, wind powerAbstract
In this paper, the expected value of the first hitting time of a threshold of the state of charge of a battery is investigated. The model considers a battery storage system connected to a wind power plant under a ramp rate limitation scheme. The level of charge in the battery is the result of operations that are modelled by a Markov chain model with random rewards. The Markov chain and reward characteristics do depend on the considered ramp rate limitation scheme that the wind power producer has to respect in order to guarantee a quasi-stable output power to the grid. In this paper, we derive a system of integral equations for the hitting time of the state of charge of the battery and the application to real data validates the analytical results.
Downloads
References
G. F. Frate, L. Ferrari, and U. Desideri. Impact of Forecast Uncertainty on Wind Farm Profitability. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 142(4), 2020.
H. Dehghani, B. Vahidi, and S. H. Hosseinian. Wind farms participation in electricity markets considering uncertainties. Renewable Energy, 101:907–918, 2017.
E. Hittinger, J. Apt, and J. F. Whitacre. The effect of variability-mitigating market rules on the operation of wind power plants. Energy Systems, 5(4):737–766, 2014.
D. Lee, J. Kim, and R. Baldick. Ramp rates control of wind power output using a storage system and gaussian processes. University of Texas at Austin, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2012.
D. Lee and R. Baldick. Limiting ramp rate of wind power output using a battery based on the variance gamma process. In Conf. Renew. Energies Power, 1–6, 2012.
E. Hittinger, J. F. Whitacre, and J. Apt. Compensating for wind variability using co-located natural gas generation and energy storage. Energy Systems, 1(4):417–439, 2010.
S. Teleke, M. E. Baran, A. Q. Huang, S. Bhattacharya, and L. Anderson. Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm dispatching. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 24(3):725–732, 2009.
Y. Uchida, G. Koshimizu, T. Nanahara, and K. Yoshimoto. New control method for regulating state-of-charge of a battery in hybrid wind power/battery energy storage system. In 2006 IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 1244–1251, 2006.
F. Luo, K. Meng, Z. Y. Dong, Y. Zheng, Y. Chen, and K. P. Wong. Coordinated operational planning for wind farm with battery energy storage system. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 6(1):253–262, 2015.
D. L. Yao, S. S. Choi, K. J. Tseng, and T. T. Lie. Determination of short-term power dispatch schedule for a wind farm incorporated with dual-battery energy storage scheme. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 3(1):74–84, 2011.
A. Gautam, and S. Dharmaraja. An analytical model driven by fluid queue for battery life time of a user equipment in LTE-A networks. Physical Communication, 30:213–219, 2018.
S. Kapoor, and S. Dharmaraja. Applications of Fluid Queues in Rechargeable Batteries. In Applied Probability and Stochastic Processes, 91–101, Springer, Singapore, 2020.
G. D’Amico. Measuring the quality of life through Markov reward processes: analysis and inference. Environmetrics: The official journal of the International Environmetrics Society, 21(2):208–220, 2010.
G. D’Amico, F. Gismondi, J. Janssen, and R. Manca. Discrete time homogeneous Markov processes for the study of the basic risk processes. Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, 17(4):983–998, 2015.
G. D’Amico, F. Petroni, and S. Vergine. An Analysis of a Storage System for a Wind Farm with Ramp-Rate Limitation. Energies, 14(13):4066, 2021.
C. Venu, Y. Riffonneau, S. Bacha, and Y. Baghzouz. Battery storage system sizing in distribution feeders with distributed photovoltaic systems. In2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech, 1–5, 2009.
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) (2015) Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2. [https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/data_access/]. Accessed: [2021-07-15].