A Novel Randomized Response Survey Technique for Sensitive Surveys

Authors

  • Muhammad Azeem Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
  • Musarrat Ijaz Department of Statistics, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  • Najma Salahuddin Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Soofia Iftikhar Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • Abdul Salam Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jrss0974-8024.1821

Keywords:

Privacy protection, randomized response sampling, relative efficiency, scrambling variable, sensitive characteristics

Abstract

Survey statisticians employ randomized response techniques (RRT) to gather data from the respondents. From time to time, researchers make modifications to the existing methods, with the aim to achieve some sort of improvement over the previous methods. The improvement may be in terms of the privacy levels or model-efficiency, or both. In this paper, we introduce an efficient quantitative randomized response technique which provides efficient estimates of the finite population mean. Moreover, the unified quantitative measure under the new suggested technique is also observed to be smaller than the competitor models. A practical data collection example using the new suggested technique is also provided to illustrate its real-world application. Our findings suggest the new technique performs better than the competitor techniques in efficiency as well as in respondents’ privacy level. Besides empirical results, we have also conducted a simulation study to show the improved performance. The comparative analysis reveals that our proposed technique is appropriate for implementation in real-world sample surveys.

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Azeem, Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Muhammad Azeem holds PhD degree in Statistics with specialization in Survey Sampling. He is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Pakistan. He has authored more than 30 peer-reviewed research publications in pure and applied Statistics. He has 10 years of post-PhD teaching experience at undergraduate and postgraduate level. He is also working as a referee for reputable impact factor journals.

Musarrat Ijaz, Department of Statistics, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Musarrat Ijaz holds PhD degree in Statistics with specialization in machine learning. She is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Statistics, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Before joining Rawalpindi Women University, she worked as a lecturer in the Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan. She has a vast experience of teaching at undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Najma Salahuddin, Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan

Dr. Najma Salahuddin received her PhD degree in Statistics from University of Peshawar, Pakistan. She is currently working as a lecturer in the Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan. She has over 15 years of teaching and research experience in the field of Statistics.

Soofia Iftikhar, Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan

Soofia Iftikhar received her PhD degree in Statistics from University of Peshawar, Pakistan, with specialization in survey sampling. She is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan. She has vast experience of teaching at undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Abdul Salam, Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abdul Salam is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Pakistan. He is a young researcher and has completed his PhD from the University of Groningen, Netherlands. His research interests include Bayesian modelling, computational statistics, and dynamic Bayesian network models.

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Published

2025-07-15

How to Cite

Azeem, M. ., Ijaz, M. ., Salahuddin, N. ., Iftikhar, S. ., & Salam, A. . (2025). A Novel Randomized Response Survey Technique for Sensitive Surveys. Journal of Reliability and Statistical Studies, 18(02), 271–288. https://doi.org/10.13052/jrss0974-8024.1821

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