TrADS: A Trust-Aware Decentralized Social Network

Authors

  • Valentin Siegert Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-8265
  • Dirk Leichsenring Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany
  • Alejandro Wurts Santos Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany
  • Martin Gaedke Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.2443

Keywords:

Trust, social linked data (Solid), re-decentralization of the web, decentralized web, social networks

Abstract

In today’s data-driven world, people are increasingly prioritising data privacy and control. This awareness has sparked an initiative for a decentralized web, where web applications no longer rely on centralized data storage. Solid, a prominent approach for a decentralized web, allows users to store their data in decentralized pods of their control. However, the integration of data from various and potentially untrusted sources can lead to malicious or harmful results and impair user experience. To solve this problem for social networks, we propose a trust-aware and decentralized web application called TrADS. It utilises the MVC pattern to integrate external data from Solid pods based on trust evaluations. In this article, we extend our first paper on TrADS with further details on related work assessment, concept and implementation. We are also extending our evaluation to a second international user study with another 64 participants. We measure the user experience instead of pure usability and form two separate groups of participants, one of which experiences the trust awareness of TrADS and one of which does not. The results do not yet show significant improvement in the user experience but show that after using trust awareness in a social network, users favour a network with such features.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Valentin Siegert, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany

Valentin Siegert is a research associate and doctoral candidate at Chemnitz University of Technology. His research interests include web engineering, cybersecurity, semantic web and web of things. With his research, he is currently working on a trust awareness of decentralized web applications using linked data in a dynamic and automated manner.

Dirk Leichsenring, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany

Dirk Leichsenring, an alumnus of Chemnitz University of Technology, has a keen interest in open source software, web technologies, and leveraging trust awareness to enhance user experience on the web. His master’s thesis focused on trust in decentralized Solid-based social networks.

Alejandro Wurts Santos, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany

Alejandro Wurts Santos is a full stack developer currently working at AI Conver. He is pursuing a Master of Science in Web Engineering at Chemnitz University of Technology. His professional journey includes experience at Oracle, where he worked in enterprise application development, and earlier work at a metrology technology firm where he developed industrial software solutions. With an undergraduate degree in Mechatronics from Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Wurts combines engineering fundamentals with web development expertise.

Martin Gaedke, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz Germany

Martin Gaedke is a pioneering researcher in the fields of Web Engineering and Smart Collaboration. As Full Professor of Computer Science and Director of the Computing Center at Chemnitz University of Technology, he leads research activities that empower people, software, and machines to collaborate more intelligently in our hyper-connected world. With over 30 years of experience, a PhD from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), and visiting roles at leading institutions like TU Wien, Martin’s research explores new approaches to Web-based solution development, Data Engineering, and Trustworthy AI. His work doesn’t stay in the lab — in close collaboration with enterprises such as Daimler, Microsoft Research, and Hewlett-Packard, his research helps shape secure, reliable, and human-centered digital ecosystems. He has co-authored over 250 scientific publications and actively mentors early-career researchers and future technology leaders. His commitment to bridging academic rigor with real-world relevance continues to strengthen the foundations of digital infrastructures that are open, ethical, and intelligently collaborative.

References

Ishaku Hassan Anaobi, Aravindh Raman, Ignacio Castro, Haris Bin Zia, Damilola Ibosiola, and Gareth Tyson. Will admins cope? decentralized moderation in the fediverse. In Proceedings of WWW ’23, page 3109–3120, 2023.

Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, Ari Luotonen, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, and Arthur Secret. The world-wide web. Commun. ACM, 37(8):76–82, August 1994.

John Brooke. Sus: a “quick and dirty’usability. Usability evaluation in industry, 189(3):189–194, 1996.

Stephane Couture and Sophie Toupin. What does the notion of “sovereignty” mean when referring to the digital? New Media & Society, 21(10):2305–2322, 2019.

Richard Cyganiak, David Wood, and Markus Lanthaler. RDF 1.1 concepts and abstract syntax. W3C recommendation, W3C, February 2014.

Barbara Guidi. When blockchain meets online social networks. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 62:101131, 2020.

Larry V. Hedges. Distribution theory for glass’s estimator of effect size and related estimators. Journal of Educational Statistics, 6(2):107–128, 1981.

Andreas Hinderks, Martin Schrepp, Francisco José Domínguez Mayo, María José Escalona, and Jörg Thomaschewski. Developing a ux kpi based on the user experience questionnaire. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 65:38–44, 2019.

Mahamat Ali Hisseine, Deji Chen, and Xiao Yang. The application of blockchain in social media: A systematic literature review. Applied Sciences, 12(13), 2022.

Luis Daniel Ibáñez, Elena Simperl, Fabien Gandon, and Henry Story. Redecentralizing the web with distributed ledgers. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 32(1):92–95, jan 2017.

Jon Kleinberg. The small-world phenomenon: An algorithmic perspective. In Proceedings of the thirty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing, pages 163–170, 2000.

Lucio La Cava, Sergio Greco, and Andrea Tagarelli. Understanding the growth of the fediverse through the lens of mastodon. Applied Network Science, 6(1):64, Sep 2021.

Protocol Labs. IPFS Standards. https://specs.ipfs.tech/, Last Access: 27.03.2025.

Avraham Leff and James T. Rayfield. Web-application development using the model/view/controller design pattern. In Proceedings Fifth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, pages 118–127, 2001.

Christine Lemmer-Webber, Jessica Tallon, Erin Shepherd, Amy Guy, and Evan Prodromou. Activitypub. first edition of a recommendation, W3C, January 2018.

Xiaowei Li and Yuan Xue. A survey on server-side approaches to securing web applications. ACM Comput. Surv., 46(4), mar 2014.

Mastodon gGmbH. Mastodon annual report 2022, 2023. https://joinmastodon.org/reports/Mastodon%20Annual%20Report%202022.pdf, Last Access: 27.03.2025.

Mastodon gGmbH. Moving or leaving accounts, 2023. https://docs.joinmastodon.org/user/moving, Last Access: 27.03.2025.

Sascha Meckler, Rene Dorsch, Daniel Henselmann, and Andreas Harth. The web and linked data as a solid foundation for dataspaces. In Companion Proceedings of WWW ’23, page 1440–1446, 2023.

Andrei Vlad Sambra, Essam Mansour, Sandro Hawke, Maged Zereba, Nicola Greco, Abdurrahman Ghanem, Dmitri Zagidulin, Ashraf Aboulnaga, and Tim Berners-Lee. Solid: A Platform for Decentralized Social Applications Based on Linked Data. Technical report, MIT CSAIL & Qatar Computing Research Institute, 2016.

Martin Schrepp, Jessica Kollmorgen, Anna-Lena Meiners, Andreas Hinderks, Dominique Winter, Harry B. Santoso, and Jörg Thomaschewski. On the importance of ux quality aspects for different product categories. International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 8(2):232–246, 2023.

Valentin Siegert and Martin Gaedke. Trust awareness for redecentralized web applications (position paper). In Joint Proceedings of ESWC 2023 Workshops and Tutorials, 2023.

Valentin Siegert, Arved Kirchhoff, and Martin Gaedke. Conted: Towards content trust for the decentralized web. In Proceedings of WI-IAT 2022, pages 604–611, 2022.

Valentin Siegert, Dirk Leichsenring, and Martin Gaedke. Trusting decentralized web data in a solid-based social network. In Kostas Stefanidis, Kari Systä, Maristella Matera, Sebastian Heil, Haridimos Kondylakis, and Elisa Quintarelli, editors, Web Engineering, pages 230–245, Cham, 2024. Springer Nature Switzerland.

Petroc Taylor. Volume of data/information created, captured, copied, and consumed worldwide from 2010 to 2020, with forecasts from 2021 to 2025, nov 2023.

Alison Thornton and Peter Lee. Publication bias in meta-analysis: its causes and consequences. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 53(2):207–216, 2000.

W3C. Ostatus community group, 2012. https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/, Last Access: 27.03.2025.

Paul Wouters, Daniel Huigens, Justus Winter, and Niibe Yutaka. OpenPGP. RFC 9580, July 2024.

Han Yu, Zhiqi Shen, Cyril Leung, Chunyan Miao, and Victor R. Lesser. A survey of multi-agent trust management systems. IEEE Access, 1:35–50, 2013.

Downloads

Published

2025-07-31

How to Cite

Siegert, V. ., Leichsenring, D. ., Santos, A. W. ., & Gaedke, M. . (2025). TrADS: A Trust-Aware Decentralized Social Network. Journal of Web Engineering, 24(04), 529–562. https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.2443

Issue

Section

ICWE 2024