Statistical Signal Amplification for Watermark Verification in Low-Rank Diffusion Adaptations

Authors

  • Jinseok Kim Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea
  • Uijin Jang Spartan SW Education Center, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea
  • Yongtae Shin School of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.2561

Keywords:

Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA), Diffusion Models, Digital Watermarking, Copyright Protection, Statistical Signal Amplification

Abstract

As the World Wide Web evolves into the central infrastructure for AI-generated content (AIGC), ensuring the provenance of assets distributed via online platforms has become a critical challenge in Web Engineering. The uncontrolled propagation of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) models facilitates unauthorized style mimicry, yet existing watermarks often fail to survive LoRA’s parameter compression. To safeguard digital trust and creator rights, we propose an Adaptation-Agnostic Trace Verification method optimized for secure web ecosystems. Our approach combines deep learning-based watermarking with a Statistical Resonance Amplifier (SRA) to induce the transfer of high-frequency signals into model weights. Furthermore, to overcome the noise limitations of single-image analysis in distributed web applications, we introduce an ensemble-based detection technique. Experimental results validate the method’s robustness, achieving an AUC-ROC of 0.891 even in highly restricted Rank 32 environments (using 100 generated images) and a near-perfect 0.999 at Rank 128, without degrading generation quality. This study presents a practical technology for AI governance and copyright protection, essential for ensuring the trustworthiness of AI-enhanced Web services.

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Author Biographies

Jinseok Kim, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea

Jinseok Kim received his bachelor’s degree in 2017 and his master’s degree in computer engineering from Soongsil University, Republic of Korea, in 2019. He worked at ICTWay Co. Ltd. from 2019 to 2022 and is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in computer science and engineering at Soongsil University. His research interests include networks, network security, artificial intelligence, and DRM.

Uijin Jang, Spartan SW Education Center, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea

Uijin Jang received her Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering from Soongsil University, Republic of Korea, in 2010. Since 2018, she has worked at the Spartan SW Education Center at Soongsil University. Her research focuses on AI-based copyright technologies and their practical applications.

Yongtae Shin, School of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, Republic of Korea

Yongtae Shin received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Iowa, USA, in 1994. Since 1995, he has been serving as a Professor in the School of Computer Science and Engineering at Soongsil University, Republic of Korea. His research interests include computer networks, distributed computing, Internet protocols, and e-commerce technology.

References

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Published

2026-08-22

How to Cite

Kim, J. ., Jang, U. ., & Shin, Y. . (2026). Statistical Signal Amplification for Watermark Verification in Low-Rank Diffusion Adaptations. Journal of Web Engineering, 25(06), 1045–1066. https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.2561

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Section

ECTI