THE ROLES OF DECISION MAKING AND EMPOWERMENT IN JORDANIAN WEBBASED DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATIONS
Keywords:
Empowerment, Decision Making, Web Projects, Development MethodologyAbstract
This study aims to explore how empowerment is enabled in Web-based project teams. It also aims to identify differences in empowering practices and levels of individual empowerment in different types of Web-based project development methods. The point of departure is the assumption that the relationships between two important disciplines in Web-based project development, which are the Web-based project development methods and empowerment, are not clear in industrial Web-based projects. Through a survey of data that collected from 123 Web-based projects in Jordan, the study assesses whether there is a difference in empowerment in different types of Web application development methodologies. The findings show that the level of participation in decisions and empowerment differ in Web-based project development teams and there are clear signs that this can be attributed to different organizations and the methodologies chosen. The implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are identified and proposed.
Downloads
References
Smite, D., Wohlin, C., Gorschek, A. and Robert, F. Empirical evidence in global software
engineering: a systematic review. Journal of Empirical Software Engineering, 15(1), 2010
Laanti, M., Salo, O. and Abrahamsson, P. Agile Methods Rapidly Replacing Traditional Methods
at Nokia: A Survey of Opinions on Agile Transformation. Journal of World Information &
Software Technology, 53(3), 276-290, 2011.
Sommerville, I. Software Engineering, 9 th Ed., Addison-Wesley, USA, 2011.
Scott, W. and Mark, L. Disciplined Agile Delivery: A Practitioner's Guide to Agile Software
Delivery in the Enterprise, IBM Press, 2012.
Paganotti, S. Designing Next Generation Web Projects with Community Experience Distilled,
Packt Publishing, 2013.
Scott, T. 15 Years of Web Systems Evolution. in IEEE 2013, 5th International Symposium on
Web Systems Evolution (Washington, DC, USA, 2013).
Leon, S. and Rich, R. Web Application Architecture: Principles, Protocols and Practices, John
Wiley & Sons, USA, 2009.
Dewettinck, K. and Ameijde, M. Linking Leadership Empowerment Behavior to Employee
Attitudes and Behavioural Intentions Testing the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment,
Journal of Personal Review, 40 (2011) 284-305.
Wilkinson, A., Gollan, P.J., Marchington, M. and Lewin, D. Conceptualizing Employee
Participation in Organizations, in: Wilkinson, A., Gollan, P.J., Marchington, M. and Lewin, D.
Eds. The Oxford Handbook of Participation in Organizations, Oxford University Press, 2010,3-25.
Stander, M. and Rothmann, S. Psychological Empowerment of Employees in Selected
Organizations in South Africa. SA Journal of industrial Psychology, 35 (1), 196-203, 2009.
Wilkinson, A. Empowerment: Theory and Practice. Journal of Personnel Review, 27(1),1998.
Knol, J. and Van Linge, R. Innovative behaviour: The effect of structural and Psychological
Empowerment on Nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(2). 359-370, 2009.
Faulkner, J. and Laschinger, H. The Effects of Structural and Psychological Empowerment on
Perceived Respect in Acute Care Nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. 16(2), 214-221, 2008.
Babbie, E. R. The Practice of Social Research. Cengage Learning, 2012.
Wageman, R. Critical success factors for creating superb self-managing teams. Journal of
Organizational Dynamics, 26(1), 49-61, 1996.
Shahnawaz, M. The Impacts of the Cognitive Nature of the Task and Psychological Empowerment
on an Individual's Knowledge Creation, Sharing, and Application, 46th Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences (Wailea, Maui, USA, 2013).
Rong, C. The Impact of Psychological Empowerment in Post-services, International Joint
Conference on Service Sciences (Shanghai, China, 2012)
Thomas, K.,W and Velthouse, B., A. Cognitive Elements of Empowerment - an Interpretive Model
of Intrinsic Task Motivation, Journal of Review, 15, 1990.
Gvaramadze, I. Human Resource Development Practice: The Paradox of Empowerment and
Individualization. Journal of Human Resource Development International. 11(5), 465–477, 2008.
Calvin, H. The Empowerment Mindset: Success Through Self-Knowledge. Premier Digital
Publishing,2012.
Thomas, C., Cham, K., Ngee, Y and Gian, C. The Diminished Effect of Psychological
Empowerment on the Self-Empowered, Journal of Managing Service Quality,20(6)531-543, 2010.
Acuna, S., Gomez, M. and Juristo, N. How Do Personality Team Processes and Task
Characteristics Relate to Job Satisfaction and Software Quality?. Journal of Information And
Software Technology, 51 (3) 627–639, 2009.
Merald, D. The Power of The Empowerment Dynamic. 2 th Ed., Polaris Publishing Group,2009.
Graban, M. Improving Quality, Patient Safety, and Employee Engagement. 2 th Ed., Productivity
Press, 2011.
Moe,N., Dingsoyr, T. and Dyba,T. Overcoming Barriers to Self-Management in Software Teams,
Journal of Software, IEEE 26 (6) 20–26, 2009.
Petter, J., Byrnes, P., Choi, D., Fegan, F., & Miller, R. Dimensions and Patterns in Employee
Empowerment: Assessing What Matters to Street-Level Bureaucrats. Journal of Public
Administration Research and Theory, 12(4) 377-401, 2002.
Moe, N. Understanding Decision-Making in Agile Software Development: A Case-study in:
Software Engineering and Advanced Applications SEAA. In IEEE2008: 34th Euro micro
Conference (Parma, Italy, 2008).
Moe, N., Dingsoyr, T.and Dyba, T. A Teamwork Model for Understanding an Agile Team: A case
study of a Scrum project, Information and Software Technology, 52 (2) 480-491,2010.
McAvoy,J. and Butler, T. The Role of Project Management in Ineffective Decision Making within
Agile Software Development Projects, European Journal of Information Systems, 18 (2) 372-383,
Melnik, G. and Maurer, F. Comparative Analysis Job Satisfaction in Agile and Non-agile Software
Development Teams, Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 32-42, 2006.
Tessem, B An Empirical Study of Decision Making, Participation, and Empowerment in
Norwegian Software Development Organizations, Lecture Notes in Business Information
Processing, 253-265, 2007.
Weiling, K and Ping, Z. Effects of Empowerment on Performance in Open-Source Software
Projects, Journal of IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 58(2), 2011.
Malihi, E. and Aghdasi, M. A Decision Framework for Optimization of Business Processes
Aligned with Business Goals, 15(1), 2014.
Brockman, J. Thinking: The New Science of Decision-Making, Problem-Solving, and Prediction,
Harper Perennial, 2009.
Zannier,C., Chiasson, M. and Maurer, F. A Model of Design Decision Making Based on Empirical
Results of Interviews with Software Designers, Journal of Information and Software Technology,
(1) 637-653, 2007.
Rousseau, V., Aube, C. and Savoie, A. Teamwork Behaviors – A Review and an Integration of
Frameworks, Journal of Small Group Research 37 (5) 540–570, 2006.
Aurum, A. and Wohlin, C. The Fundamental Nature of Requirement Engineering Activities as a
Decision-Making Process, Journal of Information and Software Technology, 4 (1) 945-954, 2003.
Alenljung, B. and Persson, A. Portraying the Practice Of Decision-Making in Requirements
Engineering: A Case of Large Scale Bespoke Development, Journal of Requirements Engineering,
(3) 257-279, 2008.
Carter, J and Tony, D. Managers Empowering Employees. American Journal of Economics and
Business Administration, 1 (2) 39 – 44, 2009.
Tsai, W. C., Chen, C. C and Liu, H. L. An integrative model linking employee positive moods and
task performance, Journal of Academy Management, 6. 80 -93, 2005.
Emond, J.and Steins,C. Pro Web Project Management (Expert's Voice in Web Development),
Apress , 2011.
Nederlof, A., Mesbah, A. and Deursen,V. Software Engineering for the Web: the State of the
Practice. In ACM2014:36th International Conference on Software Engineering (New York, USA,
.
Employee Empowerment Evaluation Kit.2012. http://www.scribd.com/doc/93650384/Employee-
Empowerment-valuation-Survey
Armstrong, J. S and Overton, T. S. Estimating Non-Response Bias in Mail Surveys, Journal
Marketing Resource, 14(3) 396–402, 2004.
