Size-Reduced Equilateral Triangular Metamaterial Patch Antenna Designed for Mobile Communications
Keywords:
Equilateral triangular patch antenna, metamaterials, size-reducedAbstract
A size-reduced equilateral triangular metamaterial patch antenna (ETMPA) is proposed for the 5G mobile communications. The new ETMPA is formed from a conventional equilateral triangular patch antenna (ETPA) by additionally loading triangular-shaped mushroom metamaterials. One ETMPA is experimentally demonstrated. It is shown to resonate at 3.488GHz. The side length is only 0.483λg, which is much smaller than that for a conventional ETPA with a length of 0.66λg. Despite its compactness, the ETMPA has an acceptable bandwidth of 2.1% and antenna gain of 6.3dBi in measurement. These performances make the compact ETMPA proposing to be used in the wireless communications at 3.5GHz.
Downloads
References
R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook. Artech House, USA, 2001.
J. Helszajn and D. S. James, “Planar triangular resonators with magnetic walls,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 26, pp. 95-100, 1978.
E. F. Kuester and D. C. Chang, “A geometrical theory for the resonant frequencies and Q-factors of some triangular microstrip patch antennas,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 31, pp. 27-34, 1983.
K.-F. Lee, K. Luk, and J. S. Dahele, “Characteristics of the equilateral triangular patch antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 36, pp. 1510-1518, 1988.
N. Kumprasert and K. W. Kiranon, “Simple and accurate formula for the resonant frequency of the equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 42, pp. 1178- 1179, 1994.
M. Biswas and M. Dam, “Fast and accurate model of equilateral triangular patch antennas with and without suspended substrates,” Microw. Opt. Techn. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 2663-2668, 2012.
J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, “Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 47, pp. 2075-2084, 1999.
C. Caloz and T. Itoh, Electromagnetic Metamaterials: Transmission Line Theory and Microwave Applications. Wiley, USA, 2005.
Y. Dong and T. Itoh, “Metamaterial-based antennas,” Proc. IEEE, vol. 100, pp. 2271-2285, 2012.
J. Wang, Y. Li, Z. H. Jiang, T. Shi, M.-C. Tang, Z. Zhou, Z. N. Chen, and C.-W. Qiu, “Metantenna: when metasurface meets antenna again,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 68, pp. 1332-1347, 2020.
J. Zhu and G. V. Eleftheriades, “A compact transmission-line metamaterial antenna with extended bandwidth,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 295-298, 2009.
X. M. Yang, Q. H. Su, Y. Jing, Q. Cheng, X. Y. Zhou, H. W. Kong, and T. J. Cui, “Increasing the bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna by loading compact artificial magneto-dielectrics,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 50, pp. 373-378, 2011.
T. Cai, G. M. Wang, X. F. Zhang, Y. W. Wang, B. F. Zong, and H. X. Xu, “Compact microstrip antenna with enhanced bandwidth by loading magneto-electro-dielectric planar waveguided metamaterials,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 63, pp. 2306-2311, 2015.
X. Xu and J. Wei, “Miniaturisation design of patch antenna using a low-profile mushroom type metasubstrate tailored with high permittivity,” IET Microw. Antennas Propag., vol. 12, pp. 1216-1221, 2018.
D. Sevenpiper, L. Zhang, R. F. Broas, and N. G. Alexopolous, “High-Impedance electromagnetic surfaces with a forbidden frequency band,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 47, pp. 2059- 2074, 1999.
L. Li, Q. Chen, Q. Yuan, C. Liang, and K. Sawaya, “Surface-wave suppression band gap and planewave reflection phase band of mushroomlike photonic band gap structures,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 103, p. 023513, 2008.
T. Jiang, T. Jiao, and Y. Li, “Array mutual coupling reduction using L-loading E-shaped electromagnetic band gap structures,” Int. J. Antennas Propag., 2016, 6731014, 2016.
T. Jiang, T. Jiao, and Y. Li, “A low mutual coupling MIMO antenna using periodic multilayered electromagnetic band gap structures,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 33, pp. 305-311, 2018.
WRC-15 Press Release. (Nov. 27, 2015). World Radio communication Conference Allocates Spectrum for Future Innovation. Online website: http://www.itu.int/net/pressoffice/press_releases/2 015/56.aspx
Z. Li, J. Han, Y. Mu, X. Gao, and L. Li, “Dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna with a notch band for 2/3/4/5G communication systems,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 2462- 2466, 2020.