Reflectarray Resonant Element based on a Dielectric Resonator Antenna for 5G Applications

Authors

  • Nur Fazreen Sallehuddin Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia
  • Mohd Haizal Jamaluddin Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Hashim Dahri Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia

Keywords:

DRA reflectarray, phase range, reflection loss, reflection phase, unit cell

Abstract

The performance of a proposed cross hybrid dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) element for dual polarization configuration operating at 26 GHz for 5G applications is presented in this paper. The new cross hybrid DRA unit cell is introduced which combines a cross shape DRA with a bottom loading cross microstrip patch. This technique of a bottom loading cross microstrip patch is chosen as the tuning mechanism (varying the length of the microstrip to tune the phase) instead of changing the DRA dimensions because of their ease of implementation and fabrication. By doing so, high reflection phase range with low reflection loss performance can be obtained, which is essential for a high bandwidth and high gain reflectarray for 5G applications. The design and simulation have been done using commercial software of CST MWS. The reflection loss, reflection phase and slope variation were analyzed and compared. A metallic cross microstrip patch of varying length placed beneath the DRA to act as the phase shifter to tune the phase and give smooth variation in slope with a large phase range. The proposed cross hybrid DRA unit cell provides a high reflection phase range of 342º and 1.8 dB reflection loss. The computed results are compared with experimental results revealing reasonable agreement, thereby confirming the viability of the design.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Nur Fazreen Sallehuddin, Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia

Nur Fazreen Sallehuddin received her Bachelor degree in Electrical Engineering (Hons.) (2006) and Master degree in Technic and Vocational Education (2014) from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). Experienced as Integration Assistant Engineer and Quality Assurance Engineer for solar industry and automotive industry respectively from 2007-2011. Currently she is pursuing the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering at Wireless Communication Centre, University Technology of Malaysia (UTM). Her research interests and areas include dielectric resonators and reflectarray antennas design in 5G applications and millimeter waves.

Mohd Haizal Jamaluddin, Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia

Mohd Haizal Jamaluddin received the bachelor's and master's degrees in Electrical Engineering from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, in 2003 and 2006, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Signal Processing and Telecommunications from the Université de Rennes 1, France, in 2009, with a focus on microwave communication systems and specific antennas such as dielectric resonator and reflect array and dielectric dome antennas. He joined the Department of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, as a Tutor in 2003. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Wireless Communication Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He was a Senior Lecturer at Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) until December 2017. He has published more than 40 ISI/Scopus papers in reputed indexed journals and more than 40 conference proceedings

Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia

Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin (Senior Member IEEE 13', Member IEEE 08', Member IET 11') obtained his first degree from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia, with honours, majoring in Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering and graduated in 2003. He received the M.S. degree in Communication Engineering in 2004 from the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, and later he obtained his Ph.D. degree in 2007 from the same University under the supervision of Professor Peter Hall. Kamarudin is currently working as a Senior Lecturer at the Centre for Electronic Warfare, Information and Cyber (EWIC), Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, UK. Prior to this appointment, he was an Associate Professor at Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia until May 2017. He holds a H-Index of 19 (SCOPUS) and more than 1350 citations (SCOPUS). He is an author of a book chapter of a book entitled Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications and has published more than 200 technical papers in journals and proceedings including IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Propagation (TAP), IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letter (AWPL), IEEE Antenna Magazine, IEEE Access, InternationalJournal of Antennas and Propagation (IJAP), Progress in Electromagnetics Research (PIER), Microwave and Optical Technology Letters (MOTL), and Electronics Letters. His research interests include antenna design for 5G, wireless on-body communications, in-body communications (implantable antenna), RF and microwave communication systems, and antenna diversity. Kamarudin is an IEEE Senior Member (SMIEEE), a Member of IET (MIET), an Executive Member of Antenna and Propagation (AP/ MTT/EMC), Malaysia Chapter, and a Member of IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, IEEE Communication Society, IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society and IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society.

Muhammad Hashim Dahri, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia

Muhammad Hashim Dahri received the B.E degree in Telecommunications from the Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET), Pakistan, in 2010 and the Masters by Research degree in Electrical Engineering from Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) in 2014. He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). He has authored over 20 research papers in various indexed journals and conference proceedings. His research interests include reflectarray antennas, planar printed antennas and tunable materials for antenna design.

References

J. Huang and J. A. Encinar, Reflectarray Antennas, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Publication, 2007.

P. Nayeri, A. Z. Elsherbeni, and F. Yang, “The analogy between offset configurations of parabolic reflectors and reflectarrays,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 960-965, Nov. 2017.

M. H. Dahri, M. H. Jamaluddin, M. Inam, and M. R. Kamarudin, “A review of wideband reflectarray antennas for 5G communication systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 5973-5985, Aug. 2017.

B. Devireddy, A. Yu, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, “Gain and bandwidth limitations of reflectarrays,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 170- 178, Feb. 2011.

M. H. Jamaluddin, R. Sauleau, X. Castel, R. Benzerga, and L. Le Coq, “Design, fabrication and characterization of a dielectric resonator antenna reflectarray in Ka-band,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. B, vol. 25, no. 25, pp. 261-275, Sept. 2010.

J. Shaker, M. R. Chaharmir, and J. Ethier, Reflectarray Antennas: Analysis, Design, Fabrication, and Measurement. Artech House Publishers, 2013.

S. R. Lee, E. H. Lim, and F. L. Lo, “Broadband single-layer E-patch reflectarray,” Radioengineering, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 97-106, Apr. 2017.

S. Costanzo, F. Venneri, A. Borgia, and G. Di Massa, “A single-layer dual-band reflectarray cell for 5G communication systems,” Int. J. Antennas Propag., vol. 2019, pp. 8-11, Mar. 2019.

M. H. Jamaluddin, R. Gillard, R. Sauleau, L. Le Coq, X. Castel, R. Benzerga, and Th. Koleck, “A dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) reflectarray,” Proc. 39th Eur. Microw. Conf., vol. 6164, pp. 25- 28, Oct. 2009.

N. F. Sallehuddin, M. H. Jamaluddin, M. R. Kamarudin, M. H. Dahri, and S. U. T. Anuar, “Dielectric resonator reflectarray antenna unit cells for 5G applications,” Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 2531-2539, Aug. 2018.

B. Imaz-Lueje, D. R. Prado, M. Arrebola, and M. R. Pino, “Reflectarray antennas: A smart solution for new generation satellite mega-constellations in space communications,” Sci. Rep., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-13, Dec. 2020.

S. H. Zainud-Deen, S. M. Gaber, A. M. AbdElhady, K. H. Awadalla, and A. A. Kishk, “Perforated dielectric resonator antenna reflectarray,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 848-855, Oct. 2011.

M. G. Keller, J. Shaker, A. Petosa, A. Ittipiboon, M. Cuhaci, and Y. M. M. Antar, “A Ka-band dielectric resonator antenna reflectarrays,” 30th Eur. Microw. Conf., pp. 272-275, Oct. 2000.

S. Lee, E. Lim, and F. Lo, “DRA reflectarray unit elements with thin under-loading parallel slots,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. Symp., vol. 48, pp. 103- 110, Mar. 2014.

C. Tienda, J. A. Encinar, M. Barba, and M. Arrebola, “Analysis, design and demonstration of a dual-reflectarray antenna in Ku-band for European coverage,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 498-508, May 2016.

E. Lim, H. Y. Wong, and F. L. Lo, “Rectangular DRA reflectarray with an inclined top-loading microstrip patch,” PIERS Proc. Guangzhou, China, pp. 878-881, Aug. 25-28, 2014.

Y. Tan, E. Lim, and F. Lo, “Transparent DRA reflectarray with bottom-loading strip,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. C, vol. 58, no. May, pp. 43-50, June 2015.

F. Ahmadi, K. Forooraghi, Z. Atlasbaf, and B. Virdee, “Dual linear-polarized dielectric resonator reflectarray antenna,” IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 635-638, Apr. 2013.

S. Costanzo, F. Venneri, A. Borgia, and G. Di Massa, “Dual-band dual-linear polarization reflectarray for mmwaves/5G applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 78183-78192, Apr. 2020.

Final Acts WRC, “In World Radiocommunication Conference Geneva: International Telecommunication Union,” World Radiocommun. Conf., vol. 238, pp. 25-27, 2015.

B. Of, J. Sabburg, J. A. R. Ball, and N. H. Hancock, Dielectric Resonator Antennas. vol. 35, no. 3. England: Research Studies Press, 1997.

A. Kiyani and M. Y. Ismail, “Design and analysis of high performance reflectarray resonant elements,” Procedia Eng., vol. 53, pp. 248-254, 2013.

Downloads

Published

2021-10-31

How to Cite

[1]
N. F. . Sallehuddin, M. H. . Jamaluddin, . M. R. . Kamarudin, and M. H. . Dahri, “Reflectarray Resonant Element based on a Dielectric Resonator Antenna for 5G Applications”, ACES Journal, vol. 36, no. 07, pp. 844–851, Oct. 2021.

Issue

2021: Vol 36 Iss 7

Section

General Submission