3D Dynamic Ray-tracing Propagation Model with Moving Scatterer Effects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13052/2022.ACES.J.370404Keywords:
Dynamic ray-tracing, moving scatterers, spatial subdivision, self-adaptive ray-launching technologyAbstract
Ray-tracing propagation model (RTPM) has been widely used for predicting channel characteristics, whereas the scenarios considered are generally static. The complexity of RTPM is significantly increased due to the rapidly time-varying scenario resulted from moving scatterers. A three-dimensional (3D) dynamic RTPM considering moving scatterer effects is advanced in this paper. First, a simplified dynamic scenario preprocessing method based on the predefined active region and face transformation is proposed. The random movement of multiple scatterers can be enabled without repeated scenario modeling. Second, an efficient dynamic ray-tracing method based on self-adaptive ray-launching technique is advanced. The computational efficiency of the dynamic RTPM can be significantly improved due to the exclusion of repeated ray-tracing process over time. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the RTPM is verified by comparing the simulation results with the measurements performed in an indoor scenario with pedestrians.
Downloads
References
C. Wang, J. Huang, H. Wang, et al., “6G oriented wireless communication channel characteristics analysis and modeling,” Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, vol. 4, no. 1, 2020.
B. Zong, C. Fan, X. Wang, et al., “6G technologies: Key drivers, core requirements, system architectures, and enabling technologies,” IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 18-27, 2019.
W. Saad, M. Bennis, and M. Chen, “A vision of 6G wireless systems: Applications, trends, technologies, and open research problems,” IEEE Network, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 134-142, 2020.
Z. Chen, H. Bertoni, and A. Delis, “Progressive and approximate techniques in ray-tracing based radio wave propagation prediction models,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 240-251, 2004.
Z. Q. Yun, and M. F. Iskander, “Ray tracing for radio propagation modeling: Principles and applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 3, pp. 1089-1100,2015.
F. Fuschini, E. M. Vitucci, et al., “Ray tracing propagation modeling for future small-cell and indoor applications: A review of current techniques,” Radio Science, vol. 50, pp. 469-485, 2015.
D. He, B. Ai, et al., “The design and applications of high-performance ray-tracing simulation platform for 5G and beyond wireless communications: A tutorial,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 10-27, 2019.
L. Azpilicueta, C. Vargas-Rosales, and F. Falcone, “Intelligent vehicle communication: deterministic propagation prediction in transportation systems,” IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 29-37, Sep. 2016.
S. Hussain and C. Brennan, “Efficient preprocessed ray tracing for 5G mobile transmitter scenarios in urban microcellular environments,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 3323-3333, May 2019.
S. Hussain, and C. Brennan, “A dynamic visibility algorithm for ray tracing in outdoor environments with moving transmitters and scatterers,” IEEE 2020 14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 1-5, 2020.
D. Bilibashi, E. M. Vitucci, and V. Degli-Esposti, “Dynamic ray tracing: Introduction and concept,” 2020 14th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 1-5, 2020.
F. Quatresooz, S. Demey, and C. Oestges, “Tracking of interaction points for improved dynamic ray tracing,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 70, no. 7, pp. 6291-6301, Jul. 2021.
G. E. Athanasiadou and A. R. Nix, “A novel 3-D indoor ray-tracing propagation model: The path generator and evaluation of narrow-band and wide-band predictions,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 49, no. 7, pp. 1152-1168, 2000.
S. Lored, L. Valle L, and R. P. Torres, “Accuracy analysis of GO/UTD radio-channel modeling in indoor scenarios at 1.8 and 2.5 GHz,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 37-51, 2001.
M. Yang, Bo Ai, R He, et al., “Measurements and cluster-based modeling of vehicle-to-vehicle channels with large vehicle obstructions,” IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 5860-5874, 2020.
M. Mohamed, M. Cheffena, et al., “A dynamic channel model for indoor wireless signals: Working around interference caused by moving human bodies,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 82-91, 2018.
G. Liu, J. She, W. Lu, et al., “3D deterministic ray tracing method for massive MIMO channel modelling and parameters extraction,” IET Communications, vol. 14, no. 18, pp. 3169-3174, 2020.
H. R. Anderson, “A ray-tracing propagation model for digital broadcast systems in urban areas,” IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 309-317, 1993.
A. Gifuni, “On the expression of the average power received by an antenna in a reverberation chamber,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 1021-1022,Nov. 2008.
Z. Castro, Karla, et al., “Measured pedestrian movement and bodyworn terminal effects for the indoor channel at 5.2 GHz,” European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 529-538, 2004.