Direction of Arrival Estimation in a Multipath Environment: an Overview and a New Contribution
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Direction of Arrival Estimation in a Multipath Environment: an Overview and a New ContributionAbstract
This paper proposes a new computationally efficient algorithm for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in a multipath environment using a uniform linear array (ULA) of equispaced sensors. The paper starts by presenting a comprehensive overview of the classical MUSIC algorithm used for DOA estimation of uncorrelated signals. The effect of different factors related to the signal environment as well as the sensor array is investigated. The concept of spatial smoothing required in the case of correlated signals encountered in multipath propagation environments is then discussed. This then leads to the development of a new computationally efficient DOA estimation algorithm that is proposed for a multipath environment with unknown correlated signals. The algorithm comprises two stages: a first stage for discriminating uncorrelated signals, and a second stage for resolving the directions of arrival of correlated signals using covariance differencing and iterative spatial smoothing. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm operates at a much lower computational cost compared to standard methods. The proposed algorithm also offers a hardware saving by reducing the number of sensors required to detect a given number of signals.
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