Design, Simulation, and Experimental Investigation of a 7.24 GHz Pattern Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna for Enhanced Wireless Communication

Authors

  • Emine Ceren Gözek Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Yıldız Technical University, Esenler, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46000 Kahramanmaras, Turkey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-4612
  • Fikret Tokan Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Yıldız Technical University, Esenler, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey
  • Muharrem Karaaslan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Hatay, Turkey
  • Fatih Özkan Alkurt Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Hatay, Turkey

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/2024.ACES.J.400806

Keywords:

Antenna beamforming, pattern reconfigurability, RF switches, UWB antenna, wireless communications

Abstract

This study presents a novel pattern reconfigurable antenna structure designed for wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna operates at a center frequency of 7.2 GHz, which is particularly significant for 5G and future 6G communication systems. This frequency band is suitable for high-speed data transmission and enhances user experience by improving signal quality. The antenna can provide various beam steering capabilities, making it adaptable for multiple applications, including mobile communication systems configurations. The design methodology involves using a circularly grounded monopole antenna. The equivalent circuit models for the RF switches in both open and closed states are provided, facilitating the analysis of the antenna’s electrical characteristics. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate that the antenna maintains a reflection coefficient (|S11|) below -10 dB across a bandwidth of approximately 500 MHz, confirming its wideband performance. The findings indicate that the proposed antenna structure is not only efficient but also adaptable to various operational conditions, making it a promising candidate for future wireless communication applications.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Emine Ceren Gözek, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Yıldız Technical University, Esenler, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, 46000 Kahramanmaras, Turkey

Emine Ceren Gözek is currently pursuing a doctoral education in the Communication Department of the Electronics and Communication Engineering program at Y ıld ız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey. Simultaneously, she is a research assistant at Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University. Her research interests include reconfigurable antenna, applications of metamaterials, electromagnetic waves and propagation.

Fikret Tokan, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Yıldız Technical University, Esenler, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey

Fikret Tokan received his Ph.D. degree from Y ıld ız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, in Communication Engineering in 2010. From October 2011 to October 2012, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher in the EEMCS Department of Delft University of Technology. From October 2012 to May 2013, he was a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute of Electronics and Telecomm. (IETR), University of Rennes 1, France. Since September 2002, he has worked in the Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Technique Section of the Electronics and Communications Engineering Department of Y ıld ız Technical University. He is currently working as a professor in that department. His current research interests are UWB antenna design, dielectric lens antennas, reflector systems, electromagnetic waves, propagation, antenna arrays, scattering, and numerical methods.

Muharrem Karaaslan, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Hatay, Turkey

Muharrem Karaaslan received the Ph.D. degree in physics from the University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey, in 2009. He has co-authored almost 200 scientific contributions published in journals and conference proceedings. His research interests include the applications of metamaterials, analysis and synthesis of antennas, and waveguides.

Fatih Özkan Alkurt, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Iskenderun Technical University, 31200 Hatay, Turkey

Fatih Özkan Alkurt received the Ph.D. degree in electrical and electronics engineering from the Iskenderun Technical University, Turkey, in 2024. He was awarded the 2024 Excellence in Electrodynamics Award. His research interests include antenna designs, microwave transmission lines and metamaterials.

References

T. A. Elwi, F. Taher, B. S. Virdee, M. Alibakhshikenari, I. G. Zuazola, A. Krasniqi, A. S. Kamel, N. T. Tokan, S. Khan, and N. O. Parchin, “On the performance of a photonic reconfigurable electromagnetic band gap antenna array for 5G applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 60849-60862,2024.

N. Ojaroudi Parchin, H. Jahanbakhsh Basherlou, Y. I. Al-Yasir, R. A. Abd-Alhameed, A. M. Abdulkhaleq, and J. M. Noras, “Recent developments of reconfigurable antennas for current and future wireless communication systems,” Electronics, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 128, 2019.

E. C. Gözek, F. Tokan, and M. Karaaslan, “Frequency reconfı

gurable lıbra shape antenna for mmW 5G communıcatı

ons,” Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 1-16, 2025.

Y. Mu, J. Han, D. Xia, X. Ma, H. Liu, and L. Li, “The electronically steerable parasitic patches for dual-polarization reconfigurable antenna using varactors,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 58-67, 2022.

W. M. Abdulkawi, A.-F. A. Sheta, W. A. Malik, S. U. Rehman, and M. S. Alkanhal, “RF MEMS switches enabled H-shaped beam reconfigurable antenna,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1312-1319, 2019.

S. Ma, X.-N. Li, Z.-D. Li, and J.-J. Ding, “Electronic beam steering metamaterial antenna with dual-tuned mode of liquid crystal material,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 5, p. 2556, 2023.

G. Liu, C. Ju, Z. Li, Z. Yang, X. Qu, N. Liu, and W.-H. Zong, “A low-profile wideband pattern reconfigurable antenna with metasurface,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES) Journal, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 868-875, 2024.

L. Silva, A. Alves, and A. Cerqueira Sodré Jr, “Optically controlled reconfigurable filtenna,” International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2016, no. 1, p. 7161070, 2016.

A. H. Moore, S. Hafezi, R. R. Vos, P. A. Naylor, and M. Brookes, “A compact noise covariance matrix model for MVDR beamforming,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol. 30, pp. 2049-2061, 2022.

M. Rihan, T. A. Soliman, C. Xu, L. Huang, and M. I. Dessouky, “Taxonomy and performance evaluation of hybrid beamforming for 5G and beyond systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 74605-74626, 2020.

J. Oh and K. Sarabandi, “Compact, low profile, common aperture polarization, and pattern diversity antennas,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 569-576, 2013.

K. Li, Y. M. Cai, Y. Yin, and W. Hu,” A wideband E-plane pattern reconfigurable antenna with enhanced gain,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, vol. 29, no. 2, p. e21530, 2019.

Z. Deng, Y. Wang, and C. Lai, “Design and analysis of pattern reconfigurable antenna based on RF MEMS switches,” Electronics, vol. 12, no. 14, p. 3109, 2023.

X. G. Zhang, W. X. Jiang, H. W. Tian, Z. X. Wang, Q. Wang, and T. J. Cui, “Pattern-reconfigurable planar array antenna characterized by digital coding method,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 1170-1175, 2019.

M. Abdulhameed, M. Isa, Z. Zakaria, I. Ibrahim, and M. K. Mohsen, “Radiation pattern control of microstrip antenna in elevation and azimuth planes using EBG and pin diode,” International Journal of Electrical & Computer Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 332, 2018.

B. Jmai, S. Gahgouh, and A. Gharsallah, “A novel reconfigurable MMIC antenna with RF-MEMS resonator for radar application at K and Ka bands,” International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 468-473, 2017.

W. M. Abdulkawi, W. A. Malik, A. F. A. Sheta, and M. A. Alkanhal, “A compact dual circular patch pattern reconfigurable antenna,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 60, no. 11, pp. 2762-2768, 2018.

Downloads

Published

2025-08-30

How to Cite

[1]
E. C. . Gözek, F. . Tokan, M. . Karaaslan, and F. Özkan . Alkurt, “Design, Simulation, and Experimental Investigation of a 7.24 GHz Pattern Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna for Enhanced Wireless Communication”, ACES Journal, vol. 40, no. 08, pp. 734–744, Aug. 2025.

Issue

2025: Vol 40 Iss 8

Section

General Submission

Categories