An Adaptive Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Excitation of Focused Phased Array in Microwave Hyperthermia Treatment Planning

Authors

  • Si Li Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China
  • Yifan Shen Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1426-7451
  • Atef Z. Elsherbeni Electrical Engineering Department Colorado School of Mines, Colorado, 80401, USA
  • Yunlong Mao Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China
  • Cheng Lyu Information Engineering Department Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Heilongjiang, 150006, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/2025.ACES.J.401002

Keywords:

Hyperthermia treatment planning (HTP), particle swarm optimization (PSO), phased arrays, specific absorption rate (SAR)

Abstract

A novel adaptive multi-objective particle swarm optimization (AMOPSO) is proposed to address the focus shift and redundant hotspots issues prevalent in current microwave hyperthermia treatment planning for breast cancer. By optimizing the excitation of phased array elements, more accurate beam focusing effect is achieved and the redundant hotspots are reduced, which significantly improves the treatment of breast cancer. The algorithm uses the difference between the optimized and target results as a feedback to self-constrain the algorithm, and introduces ratio of the peak power absorption (pPA) between the redundant hotspots and the target hotspot as a key objective function to reduce the number of redundant hotspots. Compared with the existing hyperthermia treatment planning (HTP) optimization algorithms, the proposed algorithm is capable of achieving precise focusing and a more substantial reduction in the number of redundant hotspots in a shorter computation time. Furthermore, the introduction of the pPA is capable of more effectively reducing the number of redundant hotspots and achieving a lower damage rate to healthy tissues.

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Author Biographies

Si Li, Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China

Si Li was born in Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, in 1987. She received the B.S. degree in electrical information engineering from the Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China, in 2011, and the Ph.D. degree in information and communication engineering from Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, in 2018. She is now an Assistant Professor with the School of Oceanology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Her research interests include metamaterials and antenna designs.

Yifan Shen, Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China

Yifan Shen was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China, in 2000. She received her B.S. degree in electronic information science and technology from Ocean College, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology in 2019. She is currently a graduate student at Ocean College, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Her research focuses on the cross-application of microwave technology, especially microwave hyperthermia treatment, including antenna design and optimization, phased array systems, and adaptive beamforming algorithms.

Atef Z. Elsherbeni, Electrical Engineering Department Colorado School of Mines, Colorado, 80401, USA

Atef Z. Elsherbeni is a renowned expert in electromagnetism, currently a professor at the Colorado School of Mines, and an IEEE Fellow and ACES Fellow. He received his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the University of Manitoba in 1987 and subsequently taught at the University of Mississippi, where he held several academic and administrative positions. Elsherbeni’s research has focused on computational electromagnetics, particularly in the application of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and finite-element methods (FEM). He has published a large number of academic papers and has given keynote speeches at several international conferences to share his research results and experience.

Yunlong Mao, Ocean College Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, 212134, China

Yunlong Mao was born in Taizhou, Jiangsu, in 1989. He received the B.S. degree in electrical information engineering from the Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China, in 2011, and the Ph.D. degree in information and communication engineering from Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, in 2018. He is now an Assistant Professor with the School of Oceanology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. His research interests include antennas and finite-difference time-domain method.

Cheng Lyu, Information Engineering Department Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Heilongjiang, 150006, China

Cheng Lyu received her Bachelor’s degree from Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) in 2014 and earned his Doctor of Engineering degree in Information and Communication Engineering from Harbin Engineering University (HEU) in 2023. She currently serves as a Professor at Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College. Her research focuses on the intersection of microwave technology, particularly microwave thermotherapy for breast cancer, where she investigates non-invasive treatment systems. In the field of wireless communications, her expertise encompasses antenna design and optimization, phased array systems, and adaptive beamforming algorithms. Her work aims to advance both therapeutic technologiesand enhance the performance of intelligent antenna arrays for breast cancer hyperthermia therapy systems, bridging engineering innovation with potential clinical impact.

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Published

2025-10-30

How to Cite

[1]
S. . Li, Y. . Shen, A. Z. . Elsherbeni, Y. . Mao, and C. . Lyu, “An Adaptive Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Excitation of Focused Phased Array in Microwave Hyperthermia Treatment Planning”, ACES Journal, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 971–982, Oct. 2025.

Issue

2025: Vol 40 Iss 10

Section

General Submission

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