Cavity-Backed Slot V2X Antenna for Automotive Applications

作者

  • Mohamed O. Khalifa Department of Electrical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
  • Ahmad M. Yacoub Department of Electrical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
  • Daniel N. Aloi Department of Electrical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA

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https://doi.org/10.13052/2022.ACES.J.370305

关键词:

Automotive antennas, V2X, 5G, V2I, V2P, V2N, V2V, cavity-backed slot antenna

摘要

In this work, a cavity-backed slot antenna has been designed to cover vehicle-to-everything (V2X) frequencies (5.85−5.9255.85-5.925 GHz). The antenna is made to be easily integrated in a vehicle windshield or rear mirror. The cavity-backed slot antenna does not require a ground plane to sit on which makes it an ideal model for below horizon performance. Antenna simulation has been done using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and then on-foam and on vehicle’s windshield measurements have been carried out inside an anechoic chamber. The proposed antenna achieved a linear average gain (LAG) above 2.5 dBi in the targeted V2X elevation and azimuth angles with better than 15 dB return loss. The antenna performance has been reported in terms of reflection coefficient, surface current density, radiation pattern, LAG, and efficiency.

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Mohamed O. Khalifa received the B.S. degree in electrical and electronic engineering from the University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, in 2010 and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, KSA, in 2015. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering with Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.

He served as a Research Assistant with the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals; as a Visiting Graduate Intern with I-Radio Lab within the School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; and a Research Assistant with Applied EMAG and Wireless Lab at Oakland University from 2012 to 2018. He has been employed with Ficosa North America, Madison Heights, MI, USA, from 2018 to 2019 and then with Molex LLC, Grand Blanc, MI, USA, from 2019 until present. His research interests reside in the areas of power amplifier design and linearization techniques and applied electromagnetics with emphasis on antenna measurements, antenna modeling/analysis, and antenna design. He has authored/co-authored around 13 technical papers and is an inventor on 3 patents.

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Ahmad M. Yacoub received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman, Jordan, in 2014 and the M.S. degree in electrical and computer engineering from Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA, in 2018. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering with Oakland University.

He served as a Research Assistant with Applied EMAG and Wireless lab at Oakland University from 2016 to 2018. He has been employed with Molex LLC, Grand Blanc, MI, USA, from 2018 until present. His research interests reside in the area of applied electromagnetics with emphasis on antenna measurements, antenna modeling/analysis, and antenna design. He is an inventor/co-inventor of 2 patents.

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Daniel N. Aloi received his B.S. (1992), M.S. (1996) and Ph.D. (1999) degrees in electrical engineering from Ohio University, located in Athens, Ohio, USA. He served as a Research Assistant from 1995-1999 in the Avionics Engineering Center within the School of Engineering and Computer Science at Ohio University; Summer Intern at Rockwell International in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and Senior Project Engineer at OnStar, Incorporated, a subsidiary of General Motors from 2000-2002. He has been employed in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Oakland University in Rochester, Michigan from 2002 until present.  And is the Founder and Director of the Applied EMAG and Wireless lab at Oakland University.  Dr. Aloi’s research interests reside in area of applied electromagnetics with emphasis on antenna measurements, antenna modeling/analysis and antenna design.  He is a member of the Institute of Navigation and is a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).  He has received in excess of $4M in research funding from a variety of federal and private entities including the Federal Aviation Administration, Defense Advanced Research Program Agency (DARPA) and the National Science Foundation (NSF).  He has authored/co-authored over 100 technical papers and is an inventor on 5 patents.

参考

K. Abboud, H. A. Omar, and W. Zhuang, “Internetworking of DSRC and Cellular Network Technologies for V2X communications: A Survey,” In IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 9457-9470, Dec. 2016.

J. Chen, C. Chen, J. F. Locke, “A compact 4-channel MIMO 5G Sub-6 GHz/LTE/WLAN/V2X antenna design for modern vehicles,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 7290-7297, Nov. 2021.

B. Seungbok, K. Sangpil, K. Choulhee, K. Heeyoung, and K. Yoongi, “Design of a V2X vehicle antenna,” 2018 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), Busan, South Korea, pp. 1-2, Jan. 2019.

B. Feng, J. Chen, S. Yin, C. Sim, and Z. Zhao, “A Tri-Polarized antenna with diverse radiation characteristics for 5G and V2X communications,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 10115–10126, Sep. 2020.

M. O. Khalifa, A. M. Yacoub, D. N. Aloi, “A Multi-wideband compact antenna design for vehicular Sub-6 GHz5G wireless systems,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 69, no. 12, pp. 8136-8142, Dec. 2021.

A. M. Yacoub, M. O. Khalifa, and D. N. Aloi, “Wide bandwidth Low profile PIFA for vehicular Sub-6GHz 5G and V2X wireless systems,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 109, pp. 257-273, 2021.

H. Wong, K. K. So, and X. Gao, “Bandwidth enhancement of a monopolar patch antenna with V-shaped slot for car-to-car and WLAN communications,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 1130-1136, Mar. 2016.

S. Gao, L. Ge, D. Zhang, and W. Qin, “Low-Profile Dual-Band Stacked Microstrip Monopolar Patch Antenna for WLAN and Car-to-Car Communications,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 69575-69581, Oct. 2018.

A. Liu, Y. Lu, and L. Huang, “Low-profile patch antennas with enhanced horizontal omnidirectional gain for DSRC applications,” IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 246-253, Jan. 2018.

A. Chletsou, Y. He, J. F. Locke, and J. Papapolymerou, “Multi-band, Flexible, Lightweight Antenna on LCP for Automotive Applications,” 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1507-1508, Feb. 2021.

Y. Hua, L. Huang, and Y. Lu, “A compact 3-port multiband antenna for v2x communication,” 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, San Diego, USA, pp. 639-640, Oct. 2017.

E. Neira, J. Carlsson, K. Karlsson, and E. G. Strom, “Combined LTE and IEEE 802.11p antenna for vehicular applications,” 9th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 1-5, Aug. 2015.

P. A. Dzagbletey, J. Shim and J. Chung, “Quarter-Wave Balun Fed Vivaldi Antenna Pair for V2X Communication Measurement,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 1957-1962, Mar. 2019.

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已出版

2022-03-31

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[1]
M. O. . Khalifa, A. M. . Yacoub, 和 D. N. . Aloi, 《Cavity-Backed Slot V2X Antenna for Automotive Applications》, ACES Journal, 卷 37, 期 03, 页 287–296, 3月 2022.

期

2022: Vol 37 Iss 3

栏目

General Submission

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