Miniature Antennas and Arrays Embedded within Magnetic Photonic Crystals and Other Novel Materials
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Miniature Antennas and Arrays Embedded within Magnetic Photonic Crystals and Other Novel Materials摘要
Engineered materials, such as new composites, electromagnetic bandgap and periodic structures have been of strong interest in recent years due to their extraordinary and unique electromagnetic behaviors. This paper will address how modified materials, inductive/capacitive lumped loads and low loss magnetic materials/crystals are impacting antenna design with the goal of overcoming miniaturization challenges (viz. bandwidth and gain reduction, multi-functionality etc.). Dielectric design and texturing for impedance matching has, for example, led to significant size reduction and higher bandwidth low frequency antennas. Examples showing a factor of 2 or more reduction in ultrawideband antennas will be shown and operating down to nearly 100MHz using a 6” aperture. A recently introduced new class of magnetic photonic crystals (MPCs) and Degenerate Band Edge (DBE), displaying spectral nonreciprocity are also introduced. Studies of these crystals have demonstrated that MPCs exhibit the interesting phenomena of (a) drastic incoming wave slow down, coupled with (b) significant amplitude growth while (c) maintaining minimal reflection at the interface with free space. The phenomena are associated with diverging frozen modes that occur around the stationary inflection points within the band diagram. Taking advantage of the frozen mode phenomena, we demonstrate that individual antenna elements and linear or volumetric arrays embedded within the MPC and DBE structures allow for supergain effects that can lead to novel miniature (high sensitivity and high gain antennas and sensors) array configurations.
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