Verifying Received Power Predictions of Wireless InSite Software in Indoor Environments at WLAN Frequencies
关键词:
FDTD, indoor propagation, ray lanching techniques, ray tracing, received signal strength, WLAN摘要
This paper introduces a study on verifying received power at WLAN frequencies in indoor environments, Wireless InSite is a popular electromagnetic ray-tracing software which is widely used for predicting channel behaviour in indoor and outdoor environments. The study compares software-generated data with measurements collected through 3rd floor Chesham Building, University of Bradford, at WLAN frequencies, the paper also investigates the effect of changing settings on results accuracy and computational time, and finally, the paper presents a comparison between simulation results with empirical models.
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
参考
Remcom, Wireless InSite Reference Manual, 3.1.0. Pennsylvania: Remcom, 2017.
H. A. Obeidat, Y. Dama, R. Abd-Alhameed, Y. F. Hu, R. Qahwaji, J. M Noras, and S. Jones, “A comparison between vector algorithm and CRSS algorithms for indoor localization using received signal strength,” Applied Compu-tational Electromagnetic Society Journal, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 868-876, 2016.
H. A. Obeidat, A. Alabdullah, M. F. Mosleh, A. Ullah, O. Obeidat, and R. Abd-Alhameed, “Comparative study on indoor path loss models at 28 GHz, 60 GHz, and 73.5 GHz frequency bands,” Applied Computational Electromag-netics Society Journal, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 119-128, 2020.
H.-Y. Chen and S.-H. Wen, “Evaluation of E-field distribution and human exposure for a LTE femtocell in an office,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 31, no. 4, 2016.
D. Shi, N. Lv, N. Wang, and Y. Gao, “An improved shooting and bouncing ray method for outdoor wave propagation prediction,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 32, no. 7, 2017.
D. Shi, X. Tang, C. Wang, M. Zhao, and Y. Gao, “A GPU implementation of a shooting and bouncing ray tracing method for radio wave propagation,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol. 32, no. 7, 2017.
Remcom, “Wireless InSite GUI,” 2016. [Online]. Available: www.remcom.com/wireless-insite [Accessed: 23-May-2019].
P. Medeđović, M. Veletić, and Ž. Blagojević, “Wireless insite software verification via analysis and comparison of simulation and measurement results,” in 2012 Proceedings of the 35th International Convention MIPRO, pp. 776-781, 2012.
G. Celik, A. Aitalieva, and H. Celebi, “Comparison of empirical and ray-traced based channel modeling on VHF band,” in 2019 27th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), pp. 1-4, 2019.
A. Aitelieva, G. Celik, and H. Celebi, “Ray tracing-based channel modelling for VHF frequency band,” in 2015 23nd Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), pp. 1385-1388, 2015.
K. A. Remley, H. R. Anderson, and A. Weisshar, “Improving the accuracy of ray-tracing techniques for indoor propagation modeling,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 2350-2358, 2000.
Y. Wang, S. Safavi-Naeini, and S. K. Chaudhuri, “A hybrid technique based on combining ray tracing and FDTD methods for site-specific modeling of indoor radio wave propagation,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 743-754, 2000.
L. Nagy, “Comparison and application of FDTD and ray optical method for indoor wave propagation modeling,” in Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, pp. 1-3, 2010.
L. Nagy, “FDTD and ray optical methods for indoor wave propagation modeling,” Mikrotalasna Rev., 2010.
H. Kim, B. Kim, and Y. Lee, “An accurate indoor propagation analysis for Wi-Fi antenna embedded in a commercial TV set,” in The 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2014), pp. 2111-2114, 2014.
P. T. Kuruganti and J. Nutaro, “‘A comparative study of wireless propagation simulation methodologies: Ray tracing, FDTD, and event based TLM,” in Proc. Huntsville Simulation Conference, 2006.
B. E. Gschwendtner, G. Wölfle, B. Burk, and F. M. Landstorfer, “Ray tracing vs. ray launching in 3-D microcell modelling,” 1995.
G. E. Athanasiadou, A. R. Nix, and J. P. McGeehan, “A ray tracing algorithm for microcellular and indoor propagation modelling,” in IEE Conference Publication, pp. 2-231, 1995.
Z. Yun and M. F. Iskander, “Ray tracing for radio propagation modeling: Principles and applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 3, pp. 1089-1100, 2015.
Y. Dama, R. Abd-Alhameed, F. SalazarQuinonez, D. Zhou, S. Jones, and S. Gao, “MIMO indoor propagation prediction using 3D shoot-andbounce ray (SBR) tracing technique for 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz,” in Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), pp. 1655-1658, 2011.
H. Obeidat, A. Alabdullah, N. Ali, R. Asif, O. Obeidat, M. Bin-Melha, W. Shuaieb, R. AbdAlhameed, and P. Excell, “Local average signal strength estimation for indoor multipath propagation,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 75166-75176, 2019.
R. A. Valenzuela, O. Landron, and D. L. Jacobs, “Estimating local mean signal strength of indoor multipath propagation,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 203-212, 1997.
R. Eichenlaub, C. Valentine, S. Fast, and S. Albarano, “Fidelity at high speed: Wireless InSite® real time moduleTM,” in MILCOM 2008- 2008 IEEE Military Communications Conference, pp. 1-7, 2008.
K.-W. Cheung, J.-M. Sau, and R. D. Murch, “A new empirical model for indoor propagation prediction,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 996-1001, 1998. OBEIDAT, OBEIDAT, MOSLEH, ABDULLAH, ABD-ALHAMEED: POWER PREDICTIONS OF WIRELESS INSITE SOFTWARE 1125
G. Wölfle, G. Wol, and F. M. Landstorfer, “Field strength prediction with dominant paths and neural networks for indoor mobile communication,” 1997.
P. Series, “Effects of building materials and structures on radiowave propagation above about 100 MHz,” Recomm. ITU-R, pp. 2040-2041, 2015.
Z. Xie, Z. Liang, H. Yue, and P. Gao, “A shooting and bouncing ray method for dielectric media,” in 2017 International Applied Compu-tational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES), pp. 1-3, 2017.
M. Raspopoulos, F. A. Chaudhry, and S. Stavrou, “Radio propagation in frequency selective buildings,” Eur. Trans. Telecommun., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 407-413, 2006.
H. Xu, B. Li, S. Xu, and H. Feng, “The measurement of dielectric constant of the concrete using single-frequency CW radar,” in 2008 First International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems, pp. 588-591, 2008.
A. Regmi, “Reflection measurement of building materials at microwaves,” Diss. Master’s thesis, University of Oulu, 2016.
C. Thajudeen, A. Hoorfar, F. Ahmad, and T. Dogaru, “Measured complex permittivity of walls with different hydration levels and the effect on power estimation of TWRI target returns,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 30, pp. 177-199, 2011.
Y. Pinhasi, A. Yahalom, and S. Petnev, “Propagation of ultra wide-band signals in lossy dispersive media,” in 2008 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems, pp. 1-10, 2008.
M. Lott and I. Forkel, “A multi-wall-and-floor model for indoor radio propagation,” in IEEE VTS 53rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring 2001. Proceedings (Cat. No. 01CH37202), vol. 1, pp. 464-468, 2001. Huthaif