Analyzing the Standardization Landscape for Identity Management in Public Services – A Standards Review for the IMPULSE Project

Authors

  • René Lindner 1)DIN German Institute for Standardization, 10787 Berlin, Germany, 2) TECNUN Escuela de Ingeniería, Universidad de Navarra, 20018 Donostia, Spain
  • Madlen Schmudde DIN German Institute for Standardization, 10787 Berlin, Germany
  • Alicia Jiménez González Gradiant, 36214 Vigo, Spain
  • Jaime Loureiro Acuña Gradiant, 36214 Vigo, Spain
  • Knut Blind Fraunhofer ISI, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.1145

Keywords:

Electronic identification, Standardization, sociotechnical systems, IMPULSE project

Abstract

The digitalization of public services is one of the major challenges that public administrations are currently facing. Electronic identifications play a major role for a variety of these related services. Due to the impact these services will have on the daily life of citizens, organizations, and the public at large, the social dimensions must be considered equally to the technical ones. To ensure the applicability, trust, and compliance of electronic identity for access to public services, it is necessary to take into account relevant standards collected through an analysis of the state-of-the-art. In general, the literature on integrating standardization in research projects is very rare and potential impacts of standards related to electronic identification have not been assessed yet. The European project IMPULSE has integrated standardization as an essential element and assessed the relevant standardization landscape as one activity. The analysis of the standardization landscape resulted in the identification of nine formal and six de-facto standards that have high relevance for IMPULSE. The process for this analysis and the resulting dashboard will support future projects to effectively consider, analyze and use standards for their projects.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

René Lindner, 1)DIN German Institute for Standardization, 10787 Berlin, Germany, 2) TECNUN Escuela de Ingeniería, Universidad de Navarra, 20018 Donostia, Spain

René Lindner obtained his Diploma in Industrial Engineering in 2009 at the Technical University in Berlin, Germany. Afterwards he teached for several years courses in project management, math and innovation management. Furthermore, he was involved in several European research projects, such as SMR, DRIVER+, ARCH, Smarter Together and supported the conduction of the standardization activities in these projects. His fields of interests are smart and resilient cities. He is currently writing his PhD thesis on the integration of standardization activities in research projects at Tecnun – Universidad de Navarra, Spain.

Madlen Schmudde, DIN German Institute for Standardization, 10787 Berlin, Germany

Madlen Schmudde received her PhD in Chemistry in 2017 from the Free University in Berlin. Afterwards she worked several years in the field of environmental analysis before starting as a project manager at DIN. There she works in the Group Research and Transfer and is active in several EU R&I projects.

Alicia Jiménez González, Gradiant, 36214 Vigo, Spain

Alicia Jiménez González graduated in July 2009 as Telecommunication Engineer by the University of Seville, and qualified as an expert in Management of R&D&I international projects by the International University of Andalusia. In 2009 she joined the company LCC Wireless Communications as Radio engineer. Later, joined Adevice Solutions SL for the preparation of R&D&I proposals and Project’s monitoring. In 2011 she was hired by the SME Wellness Telecom as Project Manager in the area of ICT. She has coordinated and participated in several European projects and participated as expert reviewer. Since 2015 she works at Gradiant, currently being the head of EU programmes in the organization.

Jaime Loureiro Acuña, Gradiant, 36214 Vigo, Spain

Jaime Loureiro Acuña holds a Master’s Degree in telecommunication engineering (Universidad de Vigo, 2009). In that same year, he receives his Master in multimedia communications. Between 2010 and 2016, he worked for the Information Technologies Group of the Universidad de Vigo as a researcher. He has focused his work on the design and implementation of secure protocols to distribute and run multimedia contents in IoT devices in a secure manner. In addition, he has actively participated in R&D projects related to areas such as security and privacy (SCAPE and SMART-HOSPITAL), cloud computing and virtualisation (VIMAIN) and IoT (IPNA, RAUDUS). In November 2016 he joined GRADIANT assuming the role of security researcher for the “Security and Privacy” area. In particular, he has participated in the BlackIce HSM RETOS project, by researching on advanced cryptographic technologies to secure data computation in untrusted environments, and in EDSALUD where blockchain has been adopted as a technology for health records auditing. Since 2018 he has been providing training courses on blockchain networks and development of smart contracts to various private companies. At the beginning of 2019 he assumes the role of the Head of the Secure Information Processing R&D line within the Security and Privacy department, leading projects involving identity management, cryptography, blockchain and smart contracts. Since 2012, he is a cofounder of Infinbox (20% share), a company that develops innovative products for the Health sector.

Knut Blind, Fraunhofer ISI, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany

Knut Blind was a senior researcher and department head at Fraunhofer ISI between 1996 and 2010, before returning to ISI in October 2019 as the coordinator of the Business Unit Regulation and Innovation. Between 2010 and 2019, he worked in the Innovation Management Department of the Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems as a project manager. Since 2006, he is also Professor for Innovation Economics at the Technical University Berlin. Between 2008 and 2016, he also held the Endowed Chair in Standardization at Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam. His research focus is on analysing the connection between regulation and innovation.

References

Gurumurthy, R., Nanda, R., Schatsky, D. ‘Putting digital at the heart of strategy. When everyone is digital, strategy is the differentiator’. Deloite Insights Article, 2021. Available online: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/topics/digital-transformation/digital-acceleration-in-a-changing-world.html.

de Wit, W. ‘The future of authentication is passwordless: ready to make the change?’, (2022). Available online: https://www.onewelcome.com/news/the-future-of-authentication-is-passwordless.

European Commission ‘COM/2015/0192 final. A Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe’, 2015. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52015DC0192&from=EN.

Soltani, R., Nguyen, U.T., An, A. ‘A Survey of Self-Sovereign Identity Ecosystem. Security and Communication Networks’, vol. 2021, Article ID 8873429, 26 pages, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8873429.

European Union ‘Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing Directive 1999/93/EC’, 2014. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/910/oj.

European Union ‘Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)’, 2016. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj.

Juniper. Press release on the website of Juniper, 2020. Available online: https://www.juniperresearch.com/press/digital-identity-app-in-use-to-exceed-2025.

IMPULSE. Website of the IMPULSE project. https://www.impulse-h2020.eu/.

Blind, K., Gauch, S. ‘Research and standardisation in nanotechnology: evidence from Germany’. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 34(3), 320–342, 2009.

European Union ‘Regulation (EU) No 1290/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013’, 2013. Available online: https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/3c645e51-6bff-11e3-9afb-01aa75ed71a1/language-en.

European Commission ‘COM/2018/0224 (COD) Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing Horizon Europe the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, Laying Down Its Rules for Participation and Dissemination’, 2018. Available online: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM:2018:0435:FIN.

European Commission ‘Press release of 2 February 2022 on the EU Standardization strategy’, 2022. Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_661.

European Commission ‘European Commission Decision C(2020)6320 of 17 September 2020 Horizon 2020 Work Programme 2018-2020. 13. Europe in a changing world – Inclusive, innovative and reflective societies’, 2020. Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/wp/2018-2020/main/h2020-wp1820-societies_en.pdf.

European Commission. News of 4 August 2021 on EC Website, 2021. Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/info/news/standards-drive-innovation-2021-aug-04_en.

Radauer, A. ‘Driving from the fringe into spotlight. The underrated role of standards and standardization in RTDI policy and evaluation’, Fteval J. Res. Technol. Policy Eval. 2020, 51, 59–65, 2020.

Lindner, R., Jaca, C., Hernantes, J. ‘A Good Practice for Integrating Stakeholders through Standardization—The Case of the Smart Mature Resilience Project’, Sustainability, 13(16):9000, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169000.

Majer, S., Wurster, S., Moosmann, D., Ladu, L., Sumfleth, B., Thrän, D. ‘Gaps and Research Demand for Sustainability Certification and Standardisation in a Sustainable Bio-Based Economy in the EU’, Sustainability, 10, 2455, 2018.

Ladu, L., Blind, K. ‘Overview of policies, standards and certifications supporting the European bio-based economy’, Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Volume 8, 30–35, 2017.

Ziegler, W. ‘A Landscape Analysis of Standardisation in the Field of Artificial Intelligence’, Journal of ICT Standardization, 2020. https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.824.

Trappey, A. J.C., Trappey, C. V., Govindarajan, U. H., Chuang, A. C., Sun, J. J. ‘A review of essential standards and patent landscapes for the Internet of Things: A key enabler for Industry 4.0’, Advanced Engineering Informatics Volume 33, 2017, Pages 208–229, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2016.11.007.

Meyer, O., Rauhoeft, G., Schel, D., Stock, D. ‘Industrial Internet of Things: covering standardization gaps for the next generation of reconfigurable production systems‘, IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), pp. 1039–1044, 2018. http://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN.2018.8472048.

Laurent, M., Bouzefrane, S. ‘Digital identity management‘, London: ISTE Press, pp. 33–37, 2015.

Cucko, S., Turkanovic, M. ‘Decentralized and Self-Sovereign Identity: Systematic Mapping Study‘, IEEE Access, 9, 139009–139027, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3117588.

Dul, J., Hak, T. ‘Case Study Methodology in Business Research‘, Elsevier Ltd.: Oxford, UK, 2008.

Meredith, J. ‘Building operations management theory through case and field research‘, J. Oper. Manag. 16, 441–454, 1998.

Larsson, M., Jakobsson, K. ‘The Role of Standardization and Adaptation in the Marketing Mix: A Case Study on a Professional Service Firm‘, 2019. Available online: http://hj.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1320402/FULLTEXT01.pdf.

Beuth (2022). Website of Beuth on Perinorm. https://www.perinorm. com/.

Vázquez-Ingelmo A., García-Peñalvo F.J., Therón R. ‘Application of Domain Engineering to Generate Customized Information Dashboards‘. In: Zaphiris P., Ioannou A. (eds) Learning and Collaboration Technologies. Learning and Teaching. LCT 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 10925. Springer, Cham, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91152-6_40.

Ziuziański, P., Furmankiewicz, M., Sołtysik-Piorunkiewicz, A. ‘E-health artificial intelligence system implementation: case study of knowledge management dashboard of epidemiological data in Poland‘. International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, 8(8), 2014.

W3C, Website of World Wide Web Consortium. https://www.w3.org/groups/wg.

DIF, Website of Decentralized Identity Foundation. https://identity.foundation/.

IETF, Website of Internet Engineering Task Force. https://www.ietf.org/about/introduction/.

openID, Website of openID. https://openid.net/wg/.

IEEE, Website of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://www.ieee.org/about/at-a-glance.html.

ISO, Website of the ISO online browsing platform. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui.

CEN-CENELEC, Website of CEN and CENELEC for standards search. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/.

Downloads

Published

2023-11-18

How to Cite

Lindner, R. ., Schmudde, M. ., González, A. J. ., Acuña, J. L. ., & Blind, K. . (2023). Analyzing the Standardization Landscape for Identity Management in Public Services – A Standards Review for the IMPULSE Project. Journal of ICT Standardization, 11(04), 403–430. https://doi.org/10.13052/jicts2245-800X.1145

Issue

2023: Vol 11 Iss 4

Section

Articles