Downlink Power Allocation with Stackelberg Game in NOMA System

Authors

  • Chih-Cheng Tseng No.2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City 202301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
  • Yao-Jen Liang No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
  • Hwang-Cheng Wang No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
  • Chi-Han Chen No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
  • Fang-Chang Kuo No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jmm1550-4646.2061

Keywords:

5G, Game Theory, Stackelberg Game, NOMA

Abstract

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is regarded as one of the most promising technologies for the fifth generation (5G) mobile communications. This paper delves into the NOMA downlink power allocation under the introduction of a Stackelberg game with uniform pricing and discounted pricing strategies, specifically addressing scenarios involving imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC). The Stackelberg game is commonly employed to characterize strategic interactions, inherently involving a leader and followers. In this paper, the base station plays the role of the leader, making decisions regarding the price charged to the followers. On the other hand, users take on the role of followers, deciding the quantity of power to purchase. In each round of the game, driven by the pursuit of maximizing their respective utility functions, both roles iteratively adjust their strategies based on the decisions proposed by the other party until reaching the Stackelberg Equilibrium. Through the simulations, we compare the power allocated to the users and the obtained achievable rates under different scenarios, including imperfect SIC with uniform (ISIC-U) pricing strategy, imperfect SIC with discounted (ISIC-D) pricing strategy, and perfect SIC (PSIC). Simulation results reveal that the proposed ISIC-U and ISIC-D can obtain better power saving and fairness among achievable rates, while only sacrifice quite limited total achievable rate.

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Author Biographies

Chih-Cheng Tseng, No.2, Beining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City 202301, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Chih-Cheng Tseng received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, in 1994 and 1997 respectively, all in Electronic Engineering. He received his Ph. D. from the Graduate Institute of Communications Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, in 2007. He is currently a full professor with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan, Republic of China. He was a visiting researcher at the Center for TeleInFrastruktur (CTIF), Aalborg University, Denmark in 2007 summer. He has been actively involved in professional activities, serving as a Sponsorship Co-Chair of IEEE Globecom 2020, TPC Co-Chair of Qshine 2015, co-organizer of NGWiFi workshop in IEEE WCNC 2014, HetCarrierCom workshop in IEEE Globecom 2015, 5G CAT workshop in Qshine 2016, and New Radio Technologies workshop in IEEE PIMRC 2017, general secretariat of WPMC 2012, special session organizer of the GWS 2013 and GWS 2014, and reviewer for SCI journals and international conferences. He is currently serving as the editor of the international journals IET Electronic Letters (SCI) and Journal of Mobile Multimedia. He also served as the guest editor of SCI journals such as International Journal of Sensor Networks, Wireless Personal Communications, and Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. His research interests include the design and performance evaluation of the next generation mobile communication technologies.

Yao-Jen Liang, No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Yao-Jen Liang received the Ph.D. degree in Communication Engineering from National Taiwan University, Taiwan, in 2010. He has more than six years experience in industry. From 2010 to 2011, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. From February 2011 to February 2012, he was a visiting scholar at the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology. He is currently an associate professor with the Department of Electronic Engineering, National Ilan University. His current research interests include MIMO and OFDM systems, statistical signal processing, and molecular communications.

Hwang-Cheng Wang, No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Hwang-Cheng Wang received an M.S. degree in Computer Science and a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering, both from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. He is a professor in the Department of Electronic Engineering, National Ilan University (NIU), Taiwan. He is the director of the Embedded Systems and Mobile Computing Laboratory at NIU. Prior to joining NIU, he was with the Data Communication Institute, Ministry of Transportation and Communications. He has been a visiting scholar at the Next Generation Internet Research Center, Beijing Jiaotong University, Information Science Institute, Academia Sinica, and LNM Institute of Information Technology, India. His research interests and expertise are in mobile communications, embedded systems, internet of things, machine and deep learning, and UAV. He has authored or co-authored journal and conference papers in these areas. He has also served as a technical committee member of international conferences and a reviewer for reputed journals and conferences.

Chi-Han Chen, No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Chi-Han Chen received the M.S. and B.S. degrees in Department of Electrical Engineering from National Ilan University in 2023 and 2019, respectively. His research expertise is in the mobile communications.

Fang-Chang Kuo, No.1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., Yilan City, Yilan County 260, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Fang-Chang Kuo received the B.S. degree in E. E. from Tatung University in 1986, and Ph.D. degree in E. E. from National Central University, Taiwan, in 1997. He is currently a professor with the Electronic Engineering department, National Ilan University, Taiwan. Since 2014, he was a visiting scholar with the Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Germany for one year. His research interests are in the areas of AIoT, communication networks and wireless communications.

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3GPP, TS 38.104, Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception, V18.5.0 Release 18, March 2024.

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Published

2025-02-07

How to Cite

Tseng, C.-C. ., Liang, Y.-J. ., Wang, H.-C. ., Chen, C.-H. ., & Kuo, F.-C. . (2025). Downlink Power Allocation with Stackelberg Game in NOMA System. Journal of Mobile Multimedia, 20(06), 1153–1180. https://doi.org/10.13052/jmm1550-4646.2061

Issue

2024: Vol 20 Iss 6

Section

SW2023: Massive Information by A Plethora of Devices (AIMS)

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