A SCHEDULING METHOD TO REDUCE WAITING TIME FOR P2P STREAMING SYSTEMS
Keywords:
Peer-to-peer, streaming, scheduling, waiting time, selecting peersAbstract
Recently, live streaming systems with peer-to-peer (P2P) technology have attracted much attention and are changing how we watch movies. In P2P streaming systems, a peer that plays the movie receives data from other peers. By sequentially playing the received data, users can watch the entire movie from beginning to the end. We previously proposed a method to reduce waiting time in P2P streaming. In conventional methods, by receiving the first chunk of data sequentially from a peer with large bandwidth and making a delivery schedule that considers the finishing time to delivery each content, waiting time is reduced effectively. However, these methods do not consider the case where heterogeneous peers deliver data to multiple peers. Also, since selected peers deliver the data to a peer using all the bandwidth, the number of available peers that deliver data decreases. In this paper, we propose a scheduling method to reduce the waiting time for selecting peers in P2P streaming by selecting peers and considering the available bandwidth. By designing and implementing P2P streaming systems, we consider situations in which our proposed system is effective. Our evaluation shows that our proposed method reduces the average waiting time 62.5% more than conventional methods at maximum.
Downloads
References
Fujimoto K., Ata S. and Murata M., Statistical analysis of packet delays in the Internet and its
application to playout control for streaming applications. IEICE Trans. on Communications.
Vol.E84-B, No.6, 2001, 1504-1512.
Gotoh Y., Yoshihisa T. and Kanazawa M., d-Cast : A Division Based Broadcasting System for IP
Networks. Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT'07), 2007,
-1907.
BitTorrent, http://www.bittorrent.com.
Bonald T., Massoulie L., Mathieu F., Perino D. and Twigg A., Epidemic Live Streaming: Optimal
Performance Trade-Offs. Proc. of ACM SIGMETRICS Int. Conf. on Measurement and modeling
of computer systems, 2008, 325-336.
Hildrum K., Kubiatowicz J., Rao S. and Zhao B., Distributed Object Location in a Dynamic
Network. Proc. of 14th annual ACM symposium on Parallel algorithms and architectures, 2003,
-52.
Liu J., Rao S.G., Li B. and Zhang H., Opportunities and Challenges of Peer-to-Peer Internet Video
Broadcast. Proc. of IEEE, Special Issue on Recent Advances in Distributed Multimedia
Communications, Vol.96, Issue 1, 2008, 11-24.
B. Cohen, Incentives build robustness in BitTorrent. Proc. of 1st Workshop on Economics of Peerto-
Peer Systems, 2003.
Jnutella.org, http://www.jnutella.org.
Gnutella, http://www.gnutella.com.
Zhang X., Liu J., Li B. and Yum T.P., CoolStreaming/DONet: A data-driven overlay network for
peer-to-peer live media streaming. Proc. of 24th IEEE INFOCOM Conference, Vol.3, 2005, 2102-
Magharei N. and Rejaie R., PRIME: Peer-to-Peer Receiver-drIven MEsh-based Streaming. Proc.
IEEE INFOCOM '07. 2007, 1415-1423.
Zhang M., Xiong Y., Zhang Q. and Yang S., On the Optimal Scheduling for Media Streaming in
Data-Driven Overlay Networks. Proc. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference,
GLOBESCOM 06. 2006.
Gehlen G., Aijaz F., Zhu Y. and Walke B., Mobile P2P Web Services using SIP. Mobile
Information Systems 3(3-4), 2007, 165-185.
Padmanabhan V.N., Wang H. and Chou P., Resilient peer-to-peer streaming. Proc. of 11th IEEE
Int. Conf. on Network Protocols (ICNP'03), 2003, 16-27.
Cui Y. and Nahrstedt K., Layered peer-to-peer streaming. Proc. of 13th int. workshop on Network
and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV'03), 2003, 162-171.
Tran D., Hua K. and Do T., Zigzag: an efficient peer-to-peer scheme for media streaming. Proc. of
nd IEEE INFOCOM Conference, Vol.2, 2003, 1283-1292.
Guo Y., Suh K., Kurose J. and Towsley D., P2Cast: Peer-to-peer Patching Scheme for VoD
Service. Proc. of 12th Int. Conf. on World Wide Web (WWW), 2003, 301-309.
Guo Y., Suh K., Kurose J. and Towsley D., A Peer-to-Peer on-demand streaming service and its
performance evaluation. Proc. of 2003 IEEE Int. Conf. on Multimedia & Expo (ICME 2003),
, 649-652.
Xu D., Hefeeda M., Hambrusch S. and Bhargava B., On peer-to-peer media streaming. Proc. of
nd Int. Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2002), Vol.1, 2002, 363-371.
Shah P. and Paris J.-F., Peer-to-Peer Multimedia Streaming Using BitTorrent. Proc. of 26th Int.
Performance of Computers and Communication Conf. (IPCCC 2007), 2007, 340-347.
Chu Y., Rao S. and Zhang H., A Case for End System Multicast. IEEE Journal on SAC, Special
Issue on Networking Support for Multicast, 2002, 1456-1471.
Gotoh Y., Yoshihisa T. and Kanazawa M., Method to Select Peers to Reduce Waiting Time in P2P
Streaming Broadcasts. IADIS Int. Conf. Telecommunications, Networks and Systems 2008 (TNSCONF
, 2008, 120-124.
L. Rizzo, dummynet. http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/ip_dummynet/.