PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF H.264 PROTOCOL IN AD HOC NETWORKS
Keywords:
Ad hoc networks, video streaming, performance evaluation, acceptance criteriaAbstract
Wireless mobile ad hoc network data transmission between multiple senders and receivers is becoming increasingly important in nowadays networks. There are many applications for sending data from a single source to multiple destinations (e.g. broadcasting) or from multiple senders to multiple receivers (e.g. teleconference). A wireless Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) or a multi-hop network is a collection of wireless mobile hosts forming nodes that arbitrarily and randomly change their locations. No centralized administration or infrastructure is supported, and each host communicates via radio packets. Nodes are responsible for establishing and maintaining connections between themselves. Such dynamic topology of MANET leads to several unique design issues that do not exist in other wireless networks. Video transport over ad hoc networks is more challenging than that over other wireless networks. The wireless links in an ad hoc network are not error resilient and can go down frequently because of node mobility, interference, channel fading, and the lack of infrastructure. Moreover, typical video applications may need a higher bandwidth and higher reliability connection than that provided by a single link in current or emerging wireless networks. On the other hand, it is possible to establish multiple paths between a source and a destination. Transporting video over wireless networks is further constrained by: delay limits, power issues and quality of service (QoS) parameters. All of these points should be handled carefully in video transport services. The goal of this research is to calculate the maximum distance, or number of hops, that can be supported in an ad hoc network while maintaining the delay constraints and reasonable quality of service (QoS). In this paper, we will evaluate the performance of H.264 protocol using two routing protocols, mainly: the Neigbhor-Aware Clusterhead (NAC) and the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols. The simulation results show that it is feasible to have video over ad hoc within an average distance of 6 hops utilizing an average of 5.5 Mbps, however the performance varies from one protocol to another.
Downloads
References
T. Wiegand, G. Sullivan, G. Bjntegaard, and A. Luthra, “Overview of the H.264/AVC video
coding standard,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13,
no. 7, July 2003, pp. 560–576.
S. Mao, S. Lin, P. S.S., Y. Wang, and E. Celebi, “Video transport over ad hoc networks:
Multistream coding with multipath transport,” in IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in
Communications, ser. 10, vol. 21, December 2003, pp. 1721–1737.
S. Mao, D. Bushmitch, S. Narayanan, and S. S. Panwar, “MRTP: A multi-flow real-time
transport protocol for ad hoc networks,” in Proceedings of 58th IEEE Vehicular Technology
Conference, vol. 4, October 2003, pp. 2629–2634.
S. Mao, S. Lin, S. S. Panwar, and Y. Wang, “A multipath video streaming testbed for ad hoc
networks,” in Proceedings of the Fall 58th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, vol. 5,
October 2003, pp. 2961–2965.
S. Mao, S. Lin, S. Panwar, and Y. Wang, “Reliable transmission of video over ad-hoc networks
using automatic repeat request and multi-path transport,” in Proceedings of 54th IEEE
Vehicular Technology Conference, vol. 2, October 2001, pp. 615–619.
S. Lin, S.Mao, Y.Wang, and S. Panwar, “A reference picture selection scheme for video
transmission over ad-hoc networks using multiple paths,” in Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE
International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, August 2001, pp. 96–99.
Y. Wang and S. Lin, “Error resilient video coding using multiple description motion
compensation,” in IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems on Video Technology, vol. 12,
June 2002, pp. 438–452.
E. Masala, C. Chiasserini, M. Meo, and J. D. Martin., “Real-time transmission of H.264 video
over 802.11-based wireless ad hoc networks,” in publications of CERCOM.
S. Lin and Y. Wang, “Analysis and improvement of multiple description motion compensation
video coding for lossy packet networks,” in International Conference on Image Processing, vol.
, September 2002, pp. 185–188.
T. K., U. N., and S. Y., “Optimal data rate control for video stream transmission over wireless
network,” in 18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
Applications (AINA), vol. 1, 2004, pp. 340–345.
S. Buruhanudeen, “Wireless ad hoc networks,” available at http://www.comp.brad.ac.uk/
sburuha1/wirelessadhoc.htm, November 2002.
T. Yoo, E. Setton, X. Zhu, A. Goldsmith, and B. Girod, “Cross-layer design for video streaming
over wireless ad hoc networks,” in IEEE 6th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 29
September 2004, pp. 99–102.
W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, “Energy-efficient communication
protocols for wireless microsensor networks,” vol. 2, January 2000, p. 10.
I. Stojmenovic and X. Lin, “Power-aware localized routing in wireless networks”, IEEE
Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 12, no. 11, November 2001, pp. 1122–
W. T., S. G.J., B. G., and L. A., “Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard,” in IEEE
Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, July 2003, pp. 560–576.
Wikipedia, “H.264/MPEG-4 AVC,” available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264, 2006.
S. Technologies, “H264 enocder,” http://www.streamtel.com/streamtel/products/det/1
Encoders/, 2003.
Tarek R. Sheltami “Neighbor-Aware Clusterhead for SNET ,” to appear in the IEEE 22nd
International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA-07),
GinoWan, Okinawa, Japan, March 25-28, 2008.
J. Elson, L. Girod, and D. Estrin, “Fine-Grained Network Time Synchronization using
Reference Broadcasts,” the Fifth Symposium on Operating Systems Design and
Implementation, December 2002.
G. Lu, N. Sadagopan, B. Krishnamachari, and A. Goel, “Delay Efficient Sleep Scheduling in
Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE INFOCOM, Vol. 4, March 2005, pp 2470 - 2481.
Tarek Sheltami, “Gateway Selection Review in Ad hoc Networks,” The Journal of Computers,
Vol. 1, No.2, May 2006, pp. 8-14.
V. Rodoplu and T.H.Meng, “Minimum energy mobile wireless networks,” IEEE Journal on
Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, August 1999, pp. 1333–1344.
A. Khandani, J. Abounadi, E. Modiano, and L. Zhang, “Cooperative routing in wireless
networks,” in Allerton Conference on Communications, Control and Computing, October 2003.
K. Ozan, Tonguz, and G. Ferrari, Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006.
M. Oliver and A. Escudero, “Study of different CSMA/CA IEEE 802.11-based
implementations,” in EUNICE 1999 Contribution, 1999.
Asif Hafiz and T. Sheltami, “Power and Delay Analysis of The WEAC Protocol Based MANET
Under Video Transport,” The IEEE 21st International Conference on Advanced Information
Networking and Applications (AINA-07), Niagara Falls, Canada, May 21-23, 2007, pp 15-22.
M. Oliver and A. Escudero, “Study of different CSMA/CA IEEE 802.11-based
implementations,” in EUNICE 1999 Contribution, 1999.
I. E. G. Richardson, Video Codec Design: Developing Image and Video Compression Systems.
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, April 2002.
S. R. Das, C.E. Perkins, and E.M. Royer, “Performance Comparison of Two On-Demand
Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks,” Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM’2000, Tel Aviv,
Israel, March 2000, pp. 3-12.
C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer, “Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing, Ad hoc
Networking,” Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and
Applications (WMCSA '99), 1999, pp. 90-100.
