Comprehensive Application-Based Analysis of Energy-Saving Measures in Pneumatics

Authors

  • Vladimir Boyko Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7446-1121
  • Fedor Nazarov Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany
  • Wolfgang Gauchel Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany
  • Rüdiger Neumann Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany
  • Matthias Doll Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany
  • Jürgen Weber Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2512

Keywords:

Energy efficiency, Pneumatics, compressed air systems, dimensioning, sizing, energy-saving circuit

Abstract

The current economic and ecological situation emphasizes the importance of energy efficiency for the industry. Widely applied pneumatic systems are particularly affected by this issue because of their comparatively high energy consumption. To increase the efficiency of pneumatics, numerous energy-saving components and circuits have been developed over the last decades. However, the applicability of these measures for different load cases, their impact on the drive performance, and real economic benefit often remain unclear for the end-user. In this paper, the applicability of the energy-saving measures for typical load cases was analysed on example of two pneumatic cylinders (32 and 50 mm bore) based on their technical performance, energy consumption, and costs. The evidence brought by this experimentally verified research can help one to make a correct decision about configuration of a new pneumatic drive or retrofitting an existing system regarding the costs, efficiency, and application specifics. All studied energy-saving measures were compared to a well-sized meter-out controlled reference drive. It is shown that considerable energy savings without performance loss of a well-sized cylinder are achievable only by means of sophisticated cylinder control. In contrast, simple non-electronic components are mostly convenient only for the retrofitting of an oversized cylinder.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Vladimir Boyko, Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany

Vladimir Boyko holds a M.Eng. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Applied Sciences Jena, Germany. Since 2018 he has been working as a research assistant at the Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics), Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany. His current research fields include pneumatics and energy efficiency.

Fedor Nazarov, Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany

Fedor Nazarov received the bachelor’s and master’s degrees in hydraulic, pneumatic, and vacuum system engineering from the South Ural State University in 2014 and 2016 respectively. Since early 2017 to this day, he is working as a research assistant at the Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics), Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, TUD Dresden University of Technology. His research areas include simulation and optimisation of pneumatic systems and their components with regard to energy efficiency and performance.

Wolfgang Gauchel, Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany

Wolfgang Gauchel completed his mechanical engineering studies at RWTH Aachen with a diploma in 2001. After that he worked as a research assistant at the Institute of Fluid Power Drives and Controls (IFAS) at RWTH Aachen, where he finished his PhD in 2006 in the field of servopneumatic gripping technology. After that he started his industrial career in the research department of Festo Se & Co. KG in Esslingen, Germany. Alongside his work, he studied economics at the Fernuni Hagen and received the bachelor’s degree in 2012. Currently he is Head of Research Circular Economy and Efficiency.

Rüdiger Neumann, Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany

Rüdiger Neumann has studied mechanical engineering in Paderborn and Nottingham and got his diploma in 1986. After working as a research associate at the University of Paderborn and Ulm he received his PhD in 1995. Since 1996 he works as an engineer of automation and control in the research department of the Festo SE & Co. KG, where he is now head of the department for Robotics and Control. His key activities are the control of pneumatic and electrical servo drives, as well as control of multi axes systems and robots.

Matthias Doll, Festo SE & Co. KG, Ruiter Straße 82, 73734 Esslingen, Germany

Matthias Doll received his diploma degree in engineering cybernetics from the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, in 2009. After that he has been a research assistant at the Institute for System Dynamics (ISYS) at the University of Stuttgart and received his PhD in 2016. Since 2012, he is a research engineer at Festo SE & Co. KG, Esslingen, Germany. His main research interests include modelling and control of pneumatic drive systems with a focus on energy efficiency.

Jürgen Weber, Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems (Fluidtronics) – TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstraße 7a, 01069 Dresden, Germany

Jürgen Weber has been appointed in 2010 as a University Professor and the Chair of Fluid-Mechatronic Systems as well as the Director of the Institute of Fluid Power at the TUD Dresden University of Technology, Germany, and took on the leadership of Institute of Mechatronic Engineering in 2018. He finished his doctorate in 1991 and was an active Senior Engineer at the former Chair of Hydraulics and Pneumatics until 1997. This was followed by a 13-year industrial phase. Besides his occupation as the Head of the Department Hydraulics and Design Manager for Mobile and Tracked Excavators, starting in 2002, he took on responsibility for the hydraulics in construction machinery at CNH Worldwide. From 2006 onwards, he was the Global Head of Architecture for hydraulic drive and control systems, system integration and advance development CNH construction machinery.

References

Statista Research Department, ‘Verteilung des Stromverbrauchs in Deutschland nach Verbrauchergruppen 2021/2022’, published 03.08.2023, available online: https:/de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/236757/umfrage/stromverbrauch-nach-sektoren-in-deutschland/ (accessed on 03 February 2024).

P. Radgen, E. Blaustein, ‘Compressed Air Systems in the European Union, Energy, Emissions, Savings Potential and Policy Actions’, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems Technology and Innovation, Stuttgart, Germany, 2001.

S. Fritz, ‘Verfahren zur Erkennung sowie Diagnose von Fehlern in pneumatischen Systemen und Komponenten’, PhD dissertation, Aachen, Germany, 2011.

T. Radermacher, M. Merx, A. Sitte, V. Boyko, M. Unger, ‘Potenzialstudie Energie-/Kosteneinsparung in der Fluidtechnik’, final report No. 37EV181030, TU Dresden, University of Stuttgart, Germany, 2021.

N. N., ‘Energiereduktion in der Vakuumhandhabung durch Reduzierung von Totvolumina mittels bionischer Wirkprinzipien’, final report No. 03ET1559A-D, 2021.

European Commission, ‘Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition. Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people’, COM/2020/562, 2020.

N. N., ‘Energieeffizienz in der Produktion im Bereich Antriebs- und Handhabungstechnik (EnEffAH)’, final report No. 0327484A-E, 2012.

R. Dindorf, ‘Estimating Potential Energy Savings in Compressed Air Systems’, Procedia Engineering, 39, pp. 204–211, 2012.

A. McKane, A. Hasanbeigi, ‘Motor systems energy efficiency supply curves: A methodology for assessing the energy efficiency potential of industrial motor systems’, Energy Policy, Vol. 39, Issue 10, 2011.

W. Gauchel, ‘Energiesparende Pneumatik. Konstruktive sowie schaltungs- und regelungstechnische Ansätze’, O+P Fluidtechnik, pp. 33–39, 1/2006.

R. Saidur, N. A. Rahim, M. Hasanuzzaman, ‘A review on compressed-air energy use and energy savings’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, pp. 1135–1153, 2010.

D. Šešlija, I. Milenkovic, S. Dudić, J. Šulc, ‘Improving Energy Efficiency in Compressed Air Systems. Practical Examples’, THERMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 20, Suppl. 2, pp. 335–370, 2016.

J. Hepke, ‘Energetische Untersuchung und Verbesserung der Antriebstechnik pneumatischer Handhabungssysteme’, PhD dissertation, TU Dresden, Germany, 2016.

P. Harris, G. O’Donnell, T. Whelan, ‘Energy Efficiency in Pneumatic Production Systems: State of the Art and Future Directions’, Proc. Of the 19th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, Berkeley, USA, 2012.

M. Doll, R. Neumann, O. Sawodny, ‘Dimensioning of pneumatic cylinders for motion tasks’, Int. J. of Fluid Power, 16:1, pp. 11–24, 2015.

E. Rakova, J. Weber, ‘Exonomy analysis for the selection of the most cost-effective pneumatic drive solution’, Proc. of the 9th FPNI Ph.D. Symposium on Fluid Power, FPNI2016-1518, Florianópolis, Brazil, 2016.

V. Vigolo, V. J. De Negri, ‘Sizing optimization of pneumatic actuation systems through operating point analysis’, J. Dyn. Syst. Meas. Control, Vol. 143, No. 5, 2021.

V. Boyko, S. Hülsmann, J. Weber, ‘Comparative Analysis of Actuator Dimensioning Methods in Pneumatics’, Proc. of the ASME/BATH 2021 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control, Online, 2021.

V. Boyko, J. Weber, A. Raisch, O. Sawodny, S. Hülsmann, R. Volk, J. Ohrem, J. Lorenz, H.-M. Schwarz, J. Müller, ‘Anwenderorientierter Einsatz von energieeffizienter Antriebstechnik in der Produktion“ (EnAP)’, final report No. 03ET1385A-E, 2021.

N. N., ‘SimulationX User Manual’, ESI ITI GmbH, 2022.

DSHplus by FLUIDON GmbH, available online: https:/fluidon.com/en (accessed on 03 February 2024).

H. Fleischer. ‘Manual of pneumatic systems optimization’, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995.

N. N., ‘Air Saving Valve. Series ASR/ASQ’, SMC Corporation Datasheet, state 10/2022.

L. Dvořák, K. Fojtášek, ‘Pressure Regulators as Valves for Saving Compressed Air and their Influence on System Dynamics’, Web of Conferences 92, 2015.

Š. Chmura, ‘Energeticky úsporné systémy v pneumatickıch mechanismech’, bachelor’s thesis, Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, 2019.

Motion App “ECO drive”, available online: https:/www.festo.com/gb/en/app/eco-drive.html (accessed on 03 February 2024).

V. Blagojević, D. Šešlija, S. Dudić, S. Randjelovic, ‘Energy Efficiency of Pneumatic Cylinder Control with Different Levels of Compressed Air Pressure and Clamping Cartridge’, Energies, 13(14), 3711, 2022.

S. Dudić, V. Reljić, D. Šešlija, N. Dakić, V. Blagojević, ‘Improving Energy Efficiency of Flexible Pneumatic Systems’, Energies, 14(7), 1819, 2021.

O. Reinertz, K. Schmitz, ‘Optimized Pneumatic Drives Through Combined Downstream and Adaptive Upstream Throttling’, Proc. of the ASME/BATH 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control, Online, 2020.

C. Reese, O. Reinertz, K. Schmitz, ‘Energy Savings Through Pneumatic-Mechanical Adaptive Upstream Throttling and Supply Shut-Off on Downstream Throttled Drives’, Proc. of the 13th International Fluid Power Conference (13. IFK), Aachen, Germany, 2022.

N. N., ‘Integrated valve and actuator (IVAC) clean line unit’, IMI Norgren Datasheet, state 05/2016.

N. N., ‘Compact Cylinder With Solenoid Valve. Series CVQ’, SMC Corporation Datasheet, state 10/2022.

N. N., ‘Standards-based cylinder DNC-V’, Festo SE & Co. KG Datasheet, state 07/2022.

N. N., ‘Anbauventile ABV-MV’, SCHUNK GmbH & Co. KG Datasheet, state 10/2022.

D. Otis, ‘Reducing Compressed Air Consumption by Utilizing Expansion Energy during the Actuation of a Pneumatic Cylinder’, Proc. of the 45th National Conference of Fluid Power, Chicago, USA, 1992.

E. Köhler, E. Zipplies, M. Nestler, G. Rosenbaum, ‘Verfahren zur Energiereduzierung an pneumatischen Antrieben’, German patent No. DE19721759A1, filed 24.05.1997, issued 26.11.1998.

M. Ohmer, ‘Fluidtechnisches System’, German patent No. DE1020090 17879A1, filed 17.04.2009, issued 21.10.2010.

M. Y. Mohd Yusop, ‘Energy Saving for Pneumatic Actuation Using Dynamic Model Prediction’, PhD dissertation, Cardiff University, UK, 2006.

M. Doll, O. Sawodny, ‘Energy Optimal Open Loop Control of Standard Pneumatic Cylinders’, Proc. of the 7th International Fluid Power Conference (7. IFK), Aachen, Germany, 2010.

K. Janiszowski, M. Kuczyński, ‘Energy Saving Control in Low Cost Pneumatic Positioning Systems’, Proc. of the 15th International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics, Miȩdzyzdroje, Poland, 2010.

M. Doll, R. Neumann, O. Sawodny, ‘Energy Efficient Use of Compressed Air in Pneumatic Drive Systems for Motion Tasks’, Proc. of the 2011 International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics, pp. 340–345, Bejing, China, 2011.

S. Merkelbach, H. Murrenhoff, ‘Exergy Based Analysis of Pneumatic Air Saving Measures’, Proc. of the ASME/BATH 2015 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2015.

A. Pfeffer, T. Glück, A. Kugi, ‘Soft landing and disturbance rejection for pneumatic drives with partial position information’, Proc. of the 7th IFAC Symposium on Mechatronic Systems & 15th Mechatronics Forum International Conference, Vol. 49, pp. 559–566, Loughborough, UK, 2016.

D. Padovani, E. J. Barth, ‘Exploiting Valve Timing for Pneumatic Energy Savings’, Proc. of the BATH/ASME 2018 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control, Bath, UK, 2018.

H. Du, W. Xiong, Z. Jiang, Q. Li, L. Wang, ‘Energy efficiency control of pneumatic actuator systems through nonlinear dynamic optimization’, J. of Cleaner Production, Vol. 184, pp. 511-519, 2018.

A. Raisch, S. Hülsmann, O. Sawodny, ‘Saving Energy by Predictive Supply Air Shutoff for Pneumatic Drives’, Proc. of the 2018 European Control Conference (ECC), Limassol, Cyprus, 2018.

A. Pfeffer, T. Glück, F. Schausberger, A. Kugi, ‘Control and estimation strategies for pneumatic drives with partial position information’, Mechatronics, Vol. 50, pp. 259–270, 2018.

H. Du, C. Hu, W. Xiong, L. Wang, ‘Applicability of bridge-type pneumatic energy-saving systems and its experimental validation’, Heliyon, Vol. 6, issue 5, 2020.

H. Du, C. Hu, W. Xiong, Z. Jiang, L. Wang, ‘Energy optimization of pneumatic actuating systems using expansion energy and exhaust recycling’, J. of Cleaner Production, Vol. 254, 2020.

H. Du, X. Wei, L. Wei, ‘A Nonlinear Dynamic Optimization Algorithm of a Novel Energy Efficient Pneumatic Drive System’, Int. J. of Control, Automation and Systems, Vol. 20, Issue 5, pp. 1593–1604, 2022.

T. Glück, W. Kemmetmüller, A. Pfeffer, A. Kugi, ‘Pneumatic pulse-width modulated pressure control via trajectory optimized fast-switching electromagnetic valves’, Proc. of the 13th Mechatronics Forum, International Conference, Vol. 3/3, pp. 692–699, Linz, Austria, 2012.

D. Šešlija, S. Èajetinac, V. Blagojević, J. Šulc, ‘Application of pulse width modulation and by-pass valve control for increasing energy efficiency of pneumatic actuator system’, Proc. of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering, Vol. 232, Issue 10, pp. 1314–1324, 2018.

P. Harris, S. Nolan, G. E. O’Donnell, ‘Energy optimisation of pneumatic actuator systems in manufacturing’, J. of Cleaner Production, Vol. 72, pp. 35–45, 2014.

C. Hu, W. Xiong, H. Du, Z. Jiang, ‘Research on A Bridge-Type Energy-Saving Circuit Based on Pneumatic Vertical Motion System’, Proc. of the 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics (FPM), pp. 101–106, 2019.

N. N., ‘Vorrichtung zur Betätigung eines doppeltwirkenden pneumatischen Antriebes’, German utility patent No. DE202012102190U1, filed 14.06.2012, issued 20.08.2012.

W. Krämer, ‘Pneumatische Steuerung mit Druckluftrückführung’, German utility patent No. DE202015003307U1, filed 05.05.2015, issued 06.08.2015.

H. Hayashi, N. Hayashi, ‘Fluid control valve’, WO patent No. WO/2017/073439, filed 20.10.2016, issued 04.05.2017.

S. Ito, ‘Drive method and drive device for fluid pressure cylinder’, European patent No. EP3597933A1, filed 25.07.2018, issued 22.01.2020.

J. Brenner, ‘Ausgleichsventil, Ventilsystem und Pneumatiksystem’, German patent No. DE102018003000A1, filed 12.04.2018, issued 17.10.2019.

M. Heitmann, T. Hergenröther, ‘Fluidrückführvorrichtung für einen doppeltwirkenden Zylinder und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Zylinders’, German patent No. DE102019121433A1, filed 08.08.2019, issued 11.02.2021.

V. Blagojević, P. Lj. Janković, ‘Advantages of Restoring Energy in the Execution Part of Pneumatic System with Semi-Rotary Actuator’, THERMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 20, suppl. 5, pp. 1599–1609, 2016.

A. Yang, J. Pu, C. B. Wong, P. Moore, ‘Control Methods for Energy-Efficient Pneumatic Servos Employing Asymmetric Cylinders’, Proc. of the ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Vol. 2, pp. 409–414, Manchester, UK, 2004.

X. Shen, M. Goldfarb, ‘Energy Saving in Pneumatic Servo Control Utilizing Interchamber Cross-Flow’, ASME J. Dyn. Sys., Meas., Control, 129(3), pp. 303–310, 2007.

A. Yang, J. Pu, C. B. Wong, P. Moore, ‘By-pass valve control to improve energy efficiency of pneumatic drive system’, Control Engineering Practice, Vol. 17, Issue 6, pp. 623–628, 2009.

V. Blagojević, D. Šešlija, M. Stojiljković, ‘Cost effectiveness of restoring energy in execution part of pneumatic system’, Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, Vol. 70, pp. 170–176, 2011.

V. Blagojević, D. Šešlija, M. Stojiljković, S. Dudić, ‘Efficient control of servo pneumatic actuator system utilizing by-pass valve and digital sliding mode’, Sadhana Indian Academy of Science, Vol. 38, Part 2, pp. 187–197, 2013.

L. Endler, V. J. De Negri, E. B. Castelan, ‘Compressed air saving in symmetrical and asymmetrical pneumatic positioning systems’, Proc. of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering, 229(10), pp. 957–969, 2015.

M. Heitmann, F. Rein, ‘Energy efficiency in pneumatics with the ’Air Saving Box’: the revolutionary plug & play solution from SMC’, Proc. of the 12th International Fluid Power Conference (12. IFK), Dresden, Germany, 2020.

E. Schneider, ‘Pneumatic circuit for rapidly transferring fluid under pressure from a work cylinder to a storage tank for subsequent use’, US patent No. US000003400636A, filed 12.04.1966, issued 10.09.1968.

E. Köhler, E. Zipplies, M. Nestler, G. Rosenbaum, ‘Vorrichtung zur Energiereduzierung und Verbesserung der Dynamik an pneumatischen Anlagen’, German patent No. DE000010011947A1, filed 11.03.2000, issued 13.09.2001.

M. Jianguo, T. Xin, Y. Qihui, Z. Jianwei, ‘Exhaust gas recovery-based pneumatic integrated system and control method thereof’, Chinese patent No. CN000110848208A, filed 02.12.2019, issued 28.02.2020.

Y. Shi, X. Li, Y. Teng, ‘Research on pneumatic cylinder’s exhausted-air reclaiming control devices’, Proc. the 6th JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power, pp. 558–563, Tsukuba, Japan, 2015.

M. Novaković, D. Šešlija, S. Èajetinac, M. Todorovic, ‘Impact of Capturing Used Air on the Dynamics of Actuator Drive’, CEAI, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 82–89, 2015.

Q. Yu, J. Zhai, Q. Wang, X. Zhang, X. Tan, ‘Experimental Study of a New Pneumatic Actuating System Using Exhaust Recycling’, Sustainability, 13(4):1645, 2021.

M. Šešlija, V. Reljić, D. Šešlija, S. Dudić, N. Dakić, Z. Jovanović, ‘Reuse of Exhausted Air from Multi-Actuator Pneumatic Control Systems’, Actuators, 10(6):125, 2021.

Y. Takakuwa, H. Asahara, K. Kadota, A. Iwamoto, N. Shinjo, K. Someya, A. Kazama, ‘Driving method and driving device of fluid pressure cylinder’, WO patent No. WO/2018/056036, filed 04.09.2017, issued 29.03.2018.

Y. Takakuwa, H. Asahara, K. Monden, A. Iwamoto, N. Shinjo, K. Someya, A. Kazama, ‘Fluid pressure cylinder’, WO patent No. WO/2018/056037, filed 04.09.2017, issued 29.03.2018.

G. Harimoto, M. Senco, Y. Fujiwara, ‘Fluid circuit selection system and fluid circuit selection method’, US patent No. US020210246913A1, filed 07.06.2019, issued 10.12.2020.

N. N., ‘Air Cylinder/Air Saving Type CP96-X3153/X3154’, SMC Corporation Datasheet, state 10/2022.

G. Krytikov, M. Strizhak, V. Strizhak, ‘The Synthesis of Structure and Parameters of Energy Efficient Pneumatic Actuator’, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, Vol. 1, No. 7 (85), 2017

G. Krytikov, M. Strizhak, V. Strizhak, ‘Improving Power Efficiency of Pneumatic Logistics Complex Actuators through Selection of a Rational Scheme of Their Control’, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, Vol. 2, No. 8 (92), pp. 43–49, 2018.

V. Boyko, J. Weber, ‘Combinations of energy saving measures in pneumatics’, Proc. of the 12th International Fluid Power Conference (12. IFK), Dresden, Germany, 2020.

N. N., ‘Motion Terminal VTEM’, Festo SE & Co. KG Datasheet, state 04/2022.

Mader GmbH, ‘Digitalisierung der Pneumatik mit intelligenter Erweiterung für Zylinder – PCC Blue’, available online: https:/www.mader.eu/loesungen/druckluft-digitalisieren/pcc-blue (accessed on 03 February 2024).

N. N., ‘Pressure Regulator VRPA’, Festo SE & Co. KG Datasheet, state 10/2022.

N. N., ‘Air Saving Speed Controller. AS-R/AS-Q Series’, SMC Corporation Datasheet, state 10/2022.

K. Stoll, ‘Pneumatische Steuerungen: Einführung und Grundlagen’, Würzburg, Vogel Buchverlag, 1999.

S. Hesse, ’99 Examples of Pneumatic Applications’, Blue Digest on Automation, Festo AG & Co., 2000.

S. Woo, D. L. O’Neal, Y, M. Hassen, ‘Enhancing the Lifetime of the Pneumatic Cylinder in Automatic Assembly Line Subjected to Repeated Pressure Loading’, Metals, 12, 35, 2022.

F. Nazarov, J. Weber, ‘Modelling, Simulation and Validation of the Pneumatic End-Position Cylinder Cushioning’, Proc. of the 17th Scandinavian International Conference on Fluid Power (SICFP), pp. 248–265, Linköping, Sweden, 2021.

F. Nazarov, J. Weber, ‘Heat Transfer Model of Pneumatic End-Position Cylinder Cushioning’, Int. J. of Fluid Power, Vol. 23, Issue 1, 2021.

S. Hülsmann, R. Volk, V. Boyko, A. Raisch, J. Weber, O. Sawodny, ‘Energieeffiziente Antriebstechnik in der Produktion – Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung’, O+P Fluidtechnik, pp. 38–41, 9/2020.

Downloads

Published

2024-07-04

How to Cite

Boyko, V. ., Nazarov, F. ., Gauchel, W. ., Neumann, R. ., Doll, M. ., & Weber, J. . (2024). Comprehensive Application-Based Analysis of Energy-Saving Measures in Pneumatics. International Journal of Fluid Power, 25(01), 27–58. https://doi.org/10.13052/ijfp1439-9776.2512

Issue

2024: Vol 25 Iss 1

Section

Original Article